Abstract
Most of species from the worldwide distributed Plantago genus are greatly used as herbal medicines. Phytochemical investigations of various Plantago organs (leaves, stems) reveal their high potential to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites. So, in vitro cultures of Plantago species are managed in order to deliberately restrict the ecological factors and then to control the culture conditions. Experimental culture parameters of Plantago species, i.e. seed germination, temperature, relative humidity, light, substrates and additional nutritive solutions as well as the in vitro culture media and growth regulators are reviewed. The expensive optimizations of in vitro culture and biotransformation processes are reported. Changes in the concentration and the pattern of bioactive polyphenol compounds synthesized from in vitro cultures are discussed in the examined species of the genus Plantago in order to conclude about their potential interest as future drug candidates.
Résumé
La plupart des espèces du genre cosmopolite Plantago sont large—ment utilisées en médecine traditionnelle. Des études phytochimiques sur les différents organes des plantains (feuilles, tiges) révèlent leur fort potentiel à pro—duire un large spectre de molécules biologiquement actives. Les techniques de cultures in vitro des espèces du genre Plantago se sont alors développées afin de restreindre les facteurs écologiques et de maîtriser les conditions culturales. Les paramètres expérimentaux de culture tels que la germination des graines, la température, l'humidité relative, la lumière, la nature des substrats et des solutions nutritives ainsi que la composition chimique des milieux de culture in vitro et les régulateurs de croissance additionnels ont été passés en revue. Les coûteuses méthodes d'optimisation des cultures in vitro et les procédés de biotransformation ont été rapportés. Les variations qualitatives et quantitatives des biomolécules de nature polyphénolique synthétisées par cultures in vitro de Plantago ont été argumentées, espèce par espèce, afin de définir l'intérêt thérapeutique potentiel de chacune.
ABBREVIATIONS
| BAP | = |
benzylaminopurine |
| CA | = |
cinnamic acid |
| CH | = |
casein hydrolysate |
| CW | = |
coconut water |
| 2,4-D | = |
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
| DW | = |
dry weight |
| E | = |
Einstein |
| GA3 | = |
gibberellic acid |
| GB | = |
glass beads |
| h | = |
hours |
| IAA | = |
(3-indolyl)acetic acid |
| IBA | = |
(3-indolyl)butyric acid |
| Kin | = |
kinetin |
| LM | = |
light measurement |
| mod | = |
modified |
| MS medium | = |
Murashige and Skoog medium |
| NAA | = |
α-naphtalenacetic acid |
| NT medium | = |
Nagata and Takebe medium |
| Nutr. Sol. | = |
nutritive solution |
| P | = |
photoperiod |
| Pl | = |
plantamoside |
| PCG | = |
(E)-p-coumaroyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside |
| RH | = |
relative humidity |
| T | = |
temperature |
| TDZ | = |
thidiazuron |
| V | = |
verbascoside |
Related Research Data
Experimental Paper. In vitro synthesis of mucilage in Plantago ovata Forsk affected by genotypes and culture media
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