Negotiating postcolonial Eurasian identities and national belonging in global-city Singapore

ABSTRACT

A racial classification regime, partly derived from colonial race categories that solidified during the British Empire, remains a key governance strategy in postcolonial Singapore, sorting citizens into the categories of Chinese, Malay, Indian or Other (CMIO). This racial grid continues to be a simplification of the actual complexity of lived identities and experiences, particularly for people of mixed descent. In this context, we explore the contemporary meanings and resonances of racial identity and national belonging as negotiated among members of a historic mixed-descent community – the Eurasians – in the context of a nation-state built on an institutionally fixed racial template. As a community, Eurasians are commonly attributed to the presence and mixing of especially Dutch, Portuguese and British – but also other Europeans – with an equally variegated palette of Asian cultures, since the 16th century. Based on 30 biographical interviews with self- identified Eurasians of two generations, this paper examines how individual and collective narratives of ‘old’ hybrid identities are changing in relation to the emergence of potentially new hierarchies of racial belonging with the arrival of new migration and the rise of international marriage in globalizing times. Given the lived reality of an expanding range of ‘race’ identities of different permutations and combinations, the politics of choice is played out between countervailing forces which draw racialized boundaries around the community more tightly on the one hand, and liberalize claims to racial and national belonging on the basis of self-identification on the other.

KEYWORDS:

• Mixed descent
• race classification
• national belonging
• transnational migration
• Eurasians
• Asia

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

Brenda S.A. Yeoh http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-3175

Notes

1 According to the rules of the Eurasian Association (as found on the website), a Eurasian is someone ‘who is of both European and Asian ancestry’ or ‘whose family has been accepted as Eurasian by custom and tradition’.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1 [FY2014-FRC2-008].