Notes
1 The BuSa‘idi Sultanate: the BuSa‘idi dominions of Oman and Zanzibar had become politically separate as a consequence of the Canning Award, 1861.
2 waMtwapa: A distant relative, Sheikh Khamis Muhammad Juma al-Mutwafi (i.e. mMtwapa) generously leased 34 acres in Mombasa's Tudor district at a nominal rent in order to build the Arab Secondary School (1950), the Mombasa Institute of Muslim Education (1951)—then seen as the precursor of a Muslim university for East Africa—and the Yusufu mosque (1952).
3 Mangapwani: literally ‘the Omani coast’, a coastal village north of Zanzibar town.
4 Report of the Kenya Coastal Strip Conference, 1962, HMSO (Cmnd 1701) 1963.
5 Ali Muhsin al-Barwani, Jifunze kusoma Kiarabu [Teach Yourself to Read Arabic], Dubai 199? (published privately).
6 Review in BJMES, xxv/1 (1998), pp. 191–193.
7 Attempts at standardizing the language of the Swahili-speaking peoples were first made in the 1930s.
8 Ali Muhsin al-Barwani, Uswatun Hasana (Ruwaza Njema): Utenzi wa Maisha ya Mtume Muhammed s.a.w., Dubai 1417/1997 (published privately).
9 Ali Muhsin al-Barwani, Conflicts and Harmony in Zanzibar, Dubai 2000 (published privately).
10 Ali Muhsin al-Barwani, Kujenga na Kubomolewa Zanzibar (Kumbukumbu [Memoirs]), Muscat 2004 (published privately).
11 Ali Muhsin al-Barwani, Al-Muntakhab fi Tafsir al-Qur'an (Dubai 1995), II, p. 901.
12 Arthur J. Arberry, The Koran Interpreted (London 1955), II, p. 103.