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ABSTRACT
The ‘Movement for the Entire Land of Israel’, was formed by activist members of the Labour movement shortly after the June 1967 war. Its founders struggle for “Greater Israel” and espoused the establishment of settlements that would secure the Israeli hold on the territories occupied during the war. During the 1970s, however, the movement had effectively come to be spearheaded by Gush Emunim (Bloc of the Faithful), a newly-created religious-nationalist activist group. This article describes this transition while examining the factors that enabled this process despite the two groups’ very different political, social, cultural ideals and intergenerational backgrounds.
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1. Shiloah, Ashmat Yerushalaim, 34.
2. Shamir, “Kriaa le-Histaknut”; idem, “Min Haplishtiuit el Hahar,” Maariv, July 1967.
3. Alterman, “Ekh Lehatsbia.”
4. “Gilui Daat el Ha-Boher,” Yediot Ahronot, October 17, 1969.
5. Shiloah, Ashmat Yerushalaim, 119.
6. Uri Milstein, “Hamatara Hayta Lehadesh et ha-Hityashvut be-Tnu’at Ha-Avoda,” Maariv, September 29, 2018.
7. See for example: Lustick, For the Land and the Lord; Feige, Settling in the Hearts; Inbari, Messianic Religious Zionism; Aran, Kookism.
8. Zadoff, “From Mishmar Ha’emek to Elon Moreh.”
9. Labour Party minutes, November 1, 1968, 2–23-1968-93, Labour Party Archives, Bet Berl.
10. Transcript of a speech, undated, P-2100/10, Israel State Archives (ISA), Jerusalem.
11. Kook, “Orot Ysrael.”
12. Invitation, October 31, 1967, P-2100/10, ISA.
13. Hatsofe, November 27, 1967.
14. Admoni, Asor Shel Shikul Da’at, 53.
15. Diary of Rachel Yanait Ben-Zvi, November 27, December 16, 1974, P-2114/3, ISA.
16. Maariv, August 31, 1967.
17. Davar, November 12, 1969; Gorenberg, The Accidental Empire, 192.
18. Yediot Ahronot, June 7, 1972.
19. Narkis, Hayal shel Yerushalayim, 356.
20. Maariv, April 14, 1968.
21. Shafat, Gush Emunim.
22. Izhar, Bein Hazon Leshilton, 696.
23. Uriel, Me-Malon Park le-Mahteret Yehudit, 33–4.
24. Davar, May 16, 1969.
25. See note 20 above.
26. Goldstein, “The Creation of the Likud.”
27. “Kenes Yesod Tnuat ha-Avoda Lema’an Eretz Israel Hashlema,” September 17, 1973, Moshe Shamir Archive, 1, 31: 14.
28. Ibid.
29. Maariv, May 16, 1974.
30. Shafat, Gush Emunim, 59–60.
31. Editoryal, Zot Haaretz, October, 23, 1974.
32. Elyakim Haezni, March 3, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dsg0f9Hsik&t=4313s. אוחזר בתארי 22.7.2020.
33. Maariv, May 14, 1974.
34. Erlich, “Ha-Mered Ha-Kadosh,” 12.
35. Shafat, Gush Emunim, 61; Rubinstein, Meyeud Le-Hey Elai, 54–6.
36. Davar, June 12, 1974.
37. Editoryal, Zot Haaretz, October 23, 1974. A similar process can be identified in Begin’s approach to the Sebastia affair: Goldstein & Shilo, “Menachem Begin and the Question of the Settlements,” 16–19.
38. Livneh, “Emunim.”
39. Davar, July 28, September 4, 1974.
40. Maariv, December 21, 1975.
41. Naor, “‘A simple historical truth’”.
42. Cohen and Leon, “The new Mizrahi Middle Class.”
43. “Gam Sinai Hi Eretz Israel?” Haolam Haze, November 9, 1977.
44. Zot Haaretz, November 18, 1977.
45. Ibid.
46. Aran and Feige, “The movement to stop the withdrawal in Sinai.”
47. Shelef, Evolving Nationalism.
48. Steinberg and Rubinovitz. Menachem Begin and the Israel-Egypt Peace Process.
49. Zot Haaretz, September 21, 1979; Pedahzur, “The Extreme Right-Wing Parties in Israel.”
50. Davar, August 23, 1979.
51. Ibid., May 23, 1979.
52. Shiloah, Ashmat Yerushalaim, 186.
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Notes on contributors
Amir Goldstein
Amir Goldstein is Chair of the Department of Multidisciplinary Studies and the Department of East Asian Studies at Tel-Hai College, Israel.
Elchanan Shilo
Elchanan Shilo is a research associate at the Helene and Paul Shulman Center for Basic Jewish Studies at Bar-Ilan University.