Notes
1 Mayumi Murayama uses the following twelve countries in the scatter plot: Bangladesh, China, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Norway, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, UK, and the US.
The HDI is a composite measure that includes measures for school enrollment, schooling years, life expectancy at birth, and gender-adjusted income. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) constructed the HDI to provide a measure of overall welfare from development. Unfortunately, as Hiroki Nogami points out in the first chapter, the HDI cannot be used as a comparative measure, as the HDI scales are set by the worst and best performances by a country over a year.