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ABSTRACT
The September 2015 elections in the regions of Russia resulted in victories for the major pro-government party, United Russia, in 11 regional legislative elections and brought success to incumbent chief executives in 21 gubernatorial elections. The performance of United Russia was better than in the previous series of regional elections, which is particularly important given that in many respects, the 2015 regional elections served as a rehearsal for the 2016 national legislative races. The results of the elections generally attested to the efficiency of political and institutional manipulation tools developed by the Russian authorities in recent years.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
ORCID
Grigorii V. Golosov http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-9230
Notes
1. The internationally recognised Ukrainian territory of Crimea was annexed by Russia in March 2014.
2. Postanovlenie Konstitutsionnogo suda, http://www.ksrf.ru/ru/News/Pages/ViewItem.aspx?ParamId=3242
3. Calculated by the author from the official Internet site of Russia's Ministry of Justice, http://minjust.ru/taxonomy/term/225?theme=minjust
4. All numerical data provided below are collected by the author from the official Internet sites of the Central Electoral Commission of Russia, http://www.cikrf.ru and http://izbirkom.ru.
5. Programmnye tezisy dlya regional'nykh vyborov, http://dem-coalition.org/faq/
6. For illustrative examples of party election manifestos (programmes) in the September 2015 regional legislative elections, see Predvybornaya (Citation2015), United Russia in Chelyabinsk oblast; and Vybory-Citation2015 (Citation2015), KPRF in Voronezh oblast.