Abstract
This article presents a model of educational leadership—WICS—that encompasses wisdom, intelligence and creativity, synthesized. The article opens with a general discussion of issues in models of leadership. Then it discusses the role of creativity in leadership, dividing the discussion into academic and practical aspects. Next it deals with the role of intelligence in leadership. Then it discusses the role of wisdom in leadership. The article closes with a synthesis.
Acknowledgements
Preparation of this article was supported by Contract MDA 903–92–K–0125 from the U.S. Army Research Institute and IES Grant Award # 31–1992–701 as administered by the Temple University Laboratory for Student Success. Grantees undertaking such projects are encouraged to express their own views, which do not necessarily represent the funding agencies.
My work on intelligence has been collaborative with many people over the years Work on practical intelligence has particularly relied on the contributions of Anna Cianciolo, Elena Grigorenko, Jennifer Hedlund. Joseph Horvath, Richard Wagner, and Wendy Williams. My work on creativity has also depended on the contributions of many people especially Elena Grigorenko, James Kaufman, Todd Lubart, and Jean Pretz.
Notes
1. A listserv is a pre‐established list of e‐mail addresses to which e‐mail correspondence goes.