Development of a new multidimensional individual and interpersonal resilience measure for older adults

^†For access to the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure (MIIRM) please contact the first author.

Abstract

Objectives: Develop an empirically grounded measure that can be used to assess family and individual resilience in a population of older adults (aged 50–99).

Methods: Cross-sectional, self-report data from 1006 older adults were analyzed in two steps. The total sample was split into two subsamples and the first step identified the underlying latent structure through principal component exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The second step utilized the second half of the sample to validate the derived latent structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results: EFA produced an eight-factor structure that appeared clinically relevant for measuring the multidimensional nature of resilience. Factors included self-efficacy, access to social support network, optimism, perceived economic and social resources, spirituality and religiosity, relational accord, emotional expression and communication, and emotional regulation. CFA confirmed the eight-factor structure previously achieved with covariance between each of the factors. Based on these analyses we developed the multidimensional individual and interpersonal resilience measure, a broad assessment of resilience for older adults.

Conclusion: This study highlights the multidimensional nature of resilience and introduces an individual and interpersonal resilience measure developed for older adults which is grounded in the individual and family resilience literature.

Keywords:

• family resilience
• individual resilience
• successful aging
• factor analysis
• older adults

Acknowledgements

We wish to acknowledge the special help with data management provided by Rebecca Daly.

Notes

^† For access to the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure (MIIRM) please contact the first author.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported, in part, by National Institutes of Health [grant number T32 MH019934], [grant number P30MH066248], [grant number NCRS UL1RR031980], by the John A. Hartford Foundation, and by the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging.