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Aging & Mental Health Volume 25, 2021 - Issue 3
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Depression

Is dynapenia associated with the onset and persistence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among older adults? Findings from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing

Andre F. Carvalhoa Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada;b Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-5671
ORCID Icon,
Michael Maesc IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia;d Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-871X
ORCID Icon,
Marco Solmie Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;f Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
,
Andre R. Brunonig Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;h National Institute of Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry (INBioN), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;i Department of Clinical Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6310-3571
ORCID Icon,
Shannon Langej Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
M. Ishrat Husaina Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada;b Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
Paul Kurdyakb Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;j Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada;k Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;l Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
Jürgen Rehmb Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;j Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada;k Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;m Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada;n Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;o Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
&
Ai Koyanagip Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain;q ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
 show all
Pages 468-475 | Received 11 Aug 2019, Accepted 25 Nov 2019, Published online: 12 Dec 2019
 
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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the current study was to assess the associations between dynapenia and the onset and persistence of depression and anxiety among older adults.

Methods

This prospective cohort study enrolled community-living older adults (N = 5271; 51.1% females) aged ≥ 50 years (mean age = 63.2, standard deviation = 9.0) from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), Ireland. At baseline, participants completed a handgrip assessment. Depression was defined by a score ≥ 16 in the Center of Epidemiology Studies Depression (CES-D) tool and anxiety was considered when participants scored ≥ 8 on the anxiety section of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Outcomes were incident and persistent depression and anxiety at two years follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were built for each outcome.

Results

After controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, employment status, smoking, body mass index, number of chronic conditions, physical activity, and cognitive function, low handgrip strength indicative of dyapenia (< 30 Kg for men and < 20 Kg for women) was associated with a greater likelihood for incident depressive (OR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.08–1.92) as well as for persistent depressive (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.01–2.58) and anxiety (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.20–2.14) symptoms.

Conclusions

Dynapenia was associated with a higher odds of developing depressive symptoms as well as a greater likelihood to persistent depressive and anxiety symptoms among older adults. Our data suggest that interventions targeting muscle strength may prevent the onset of late-life depression and also may hold promise as novel therapeutic opportunities for depression and anxiety in later life.

Acknowledgements

Researchers interested in using TILDA data may access the data for free from the following sites: Irish Social Science Data Archive (ISSDA) at University College Dublin http://www.ucd.ie/issda/data/tilda/; Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/34315.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflicts of interest were reported by the authors.

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