Association between relationship quality and concurrent alcohol use and sedative-tranquilizer misuse in middle and later life

Abstract

Objectives

Mid-life adults have notably higher rates of alcohol and other substance misuse than older adults and maintain higher levels of use over time. Social isolation has been linked to higher risk use with increasing age. The purpose of this study is to examine the associations between social relationships, drinking, and misuse of sedative-tranquilizers.

Methods

The data for this study come from the national Midlife in the United States study wave 2 (MIDUS 2) of adults (N = 3378; 53.3% women) aged 40 and older. Past month alcohol use and past year sedative medication misuse were assessed with social support and strain. Multinomial logistic regressions evaluated the relationship of (a) support and (b) strain to use and co-use of alcohol and sedatives.

Results

Of the sample, 58.4% used alcohol only, 1.7% only misused sedatives, and 3.5% co-used alcohol/misused sedative-tranquilizers. Support from friends was associated with 1.18 increased risk of co-using compared to not using either substance. Source of strain was associated with co-use for middle-aged and older adults. Familial strain was associated with increased risk of co-using for middle-aged adults. Friend-related strain was associated with increased risk of co-use for older adults.

Conclusion

Evidence suggests that older co-users may differ from those in midlife in terms of social risk factors. As the aging population increases, elucidating the potential mechanisms by which social factors impact concurrent alcohol use and sedative-tranquilizer medication misuse aid the development of targeted interventions and prevention programs in these groups.

Keywords:

• Social support
• social strain
• alcohol use
• prescription medication misuse

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [grant number T32 MH073553-11] at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIMH played no role in manuscript writing, preparation, or interpretation of the results. The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIMH or the NIH.