Plain member and citizen: Aldo Leopold and environmental citizenship

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Notes

1. To minimize reader distraction, throughout the essay we will refer to Leopold's essays in the Flader and Callicott volume and his writings from A Sand County Almanac simply by the publication date and page number. The full citations for both volumes are available in the references.

2. Leopold is certainly not the first to engage this project – William Bartram and Henry David Thoreau quickly come to mind. However, Leopold's appeal to an environmental citizenship is much more explicit than these earlier examples.

3. In ‘The Ecological Conscience’, Leopold writes, ‘The practice of conservation must spring from a conviction of what is ethically and esthetically right, as well as what is economically expedient’ (1991, p. 345). A similar and more familiar passage occurs in ‘The Land Ethic’ (1966, p. 262).