ABSTRACT
Based on the Global Party Survey (GPS) database, this research article explores the interaction between populism and Islamism in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) party systems. Drawing on the ideational approach to populism, this analysis shows that Islamist parties do not share a common populist profile. Rather, we can speak of three broad profiles according tSalamanca, Spain, Institute of Iberoamericao the three main dimensions of populism. While the Moroccan Party of Justice and Development (PJD) displays a populism dominated by people-centrism, the Rally of Algerian Hope (TAJ), the Tunisian En-Nahda (EN), and the Jordanian Islamic Action Front (IAF) profiles are dominated by anti-elitism. On the other hand, the Turkish Justice and Development Party (AKP) is heavily influenced by Erdogan’s leadership and its strongman impetus.
Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Norris, Pippa, 2020, “Global Party Survey, 2019”, https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/WMGTNS,HarvardDataverse,V3,UNF:6:ZJDKjnJskyudaqjUu98PPw==[fileUNF]. https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/GlobalPartySurvey
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2023.2203562.
Notes
1. Modernisation encompasses a variety of phenomena, including globalization, the risk society, the post-Fordist economy, the post-industrial society, etc. (Swank & Betz, 2003; Loch & Heitmeyer, 2001; Minkenberg, 1998; Beck, 1992).
2. For more technical details on expert’s survey administration, please see www.GlobalPartySurvey.org.
3. Although more ‘classical’ Islamist political parties differ from Salafist political organizations, we considered relevant to include the Egyptian case in our study.
4. For more information about the party systems and parties under study in this research, please, see details in Annex 0.1.