Trends and characteristics of deliberate self-harm hospital presentations in an English County

Abstract

Background. This study investigates deliberate self-harm (DSH) presentations to Southern Derbyshire hospitals from 1990 to 1997. Methods. Retrospective evaluation of deliberate self-harm rates and socio-demographic variables associated with DSH in 9961 consecutive attendances at Derby's two district general hospitals. Results. A significant rise in the rates of DSH in Derbyshire was noted (82%). The gender ratio has changed, with rising numbers of DSH episodes in males. The ratio of DSH episodes to the total Accident & Emergency (A&E) attendances changed from 1.54 to 2.42, with a 36% (95% CI 32–40%) rise in DSH presentations. Overdose remains the most common method of DSH (F = 85%, M = 78%). Two-thirds of the DSH presentations were first DSH attempts. Conclusions. Overall DSH rates are increasing especially in men. In contrast, official suicide rates have reduced during the same period. The increase in DSH rates has implications for already overworked A&E Departments, as well as other emergency and psychiatric services. Service provision and organisation should be reviewed in light of this increasing demand.

• Deliberate self-harm
• self harm
• rates
• trends

We thank Dr A. R. Clayton and deliberate self-harm Team, Southern Derbyshire Mental Health Trust, Derby, for their help. We would also like to thank Dr Tim Croudace, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, for initial data analysis and Dr David Jenner, Southern Derbyshire Health Authority, for providing local population and suicide data.