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Original Articles

From ‘work–family’ to ‘flexible careers’

A life course reframing

Pages 209-226 | Published online: 22 Oct 2010
 

Abstract

In this paper we introduce key concepts that inform a life course perspective, including its focus on the temporal organization of career paths and life biographies. We demonstrate the value of a life course approach to theorizing about, studying, and considering work–family arrangements and their policy implications. To do so we draw primarily on findings from studies undertaken using the Ecology of Careers Study funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. The value of both the life course and career concepts comes in recognizing the dynamics of the work–family interface, as well as the need to address and redress the mismatch between the new workforce and outmoded labour market policies as they occur at all multi‐layered stages of workers' biographies. Drawing on this perspective, and concentrating on the USA in comparison with select European countries, we argue that ‘work–family’ policy and research agendas for the twenty‐first century need to be recast from the current ‘work’ and ‘family’ dichotomy to a more complex view of careers in context. Careers are not only dynamic and relational, they are also embedded within existing gender, occupational, and labour market regimes as well as within changes in the workforce, the workplace, and temporal boundaries. Existing policy and practice in the USA reveal cultural lags in responding to concerns of gender, family, and work, as well as prospects for meaningful change.

In dit artikel introduceren we basisconcepten omtrent het levensloop perspectief, inclusief de tijdelijke organisatie van carrierepaden en levensbeschrijvingen. Wij demonstreren de waarde van het levensloop perspectief met betrekking tot theorisering over, bestudering en overweging van werk–familie arrangementen en hun politieke implicaties. Dit werk baseert zich oofdzakelijk op de bevindingen van het Cornell Careers Institute: A Sloan Center for the Study of Working Families. De waarde van zowel het levensloop als carriere concepten wordt onderstaafd door herkennening van de dynamiek van het werk–familie scheidingsvlak, alswel de noodzaak tot het herstellen van de slechte combinatie tussen de nieuwe arbeidskrachten en de verouderde arbeidsmarkt politiek die zich manifesteert in de veelgelaagde fasen van de levensgeschiedenis van arbeiders. Vanuit dit perspectief, met aandacht op de Verenigde Staten in vergelijking met geselecteerde Europese landen, pleiten wij voor het herzien van werk–familie politiek en onderzoeks agendas voor de 21ste eeuw. We moeten van de huidige dubbelpolige formule van ‘werk’ en ‘familie’ naar een complexere visie met betrekking tot carrieres. Deze carrieres zijn vastgelegd in veranderingen in arbeidskrachten, de werkplaats en tijdelijke grenslijnen. De huidige politiek en praktijk in de V.S. onthullen culturele achterstanden in de reactie op aangelegenheden betreffende de geslachten, familie en werk, alswel in de vooruitzichten om zinvolle veranderingen te realiseren.

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