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ARTICLES

The cost of caregiving: wage loss among caregivers of elderly and disabled adults and children with special needs

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Pages 357-375 | Received 10 Jan 2011, Published online: 10 Apr 2012
 

Abstract

Sixty-one percent of the adults caring for elderly and disabled family members and 53% of parents of children with special needs are employed. Yet studies examining the experience of employed caregivers of children with special needs and elderly or disabled adult family members have not examined the impact on earnings or the workplace policies that might help reduce the conflicts between work and caregiving. This study begins to fill this gap using data from a nationally representative US survey of American adults. We find that employees who live with a child with a health problem are 48% more likely to have lost wages. Each adult with health issues that an employee is responsible for raises the chances of wage loss by 29%. At the same time, access to paid leave for family health needs reduces the likelihood of wage loss by 30%, and having a supportive supervisor reduces the odds of experiencing wage loss by 37%. Implications for employers and US policy-makers are discussed.

Sesenta y uno por ciento de los adultos que cuidan de familiares ancianos y discapacitados y el 53% de los padres de niños con necesidades especiales trabajan. Sin embargo, estudios que examinan la experiencia de trabajadores que cuidan de sus niños con necesidades especiales y de miembros ancianos o adultos discapacitados de sus familias aun no han examinado el impacto sobre los ingresos o las políticas de trabajo que podrían ayudar a reducir los conflictos entre el trabajo y estas necesidades de cuidados. Este estudio comienza a llenar este vacío utilizando los datos de una encuesta nacional representativa de adultos americanos. Encontramos que los empleados que viven con un niño con problemas de salud tienen 48% más probabilidades de tener pérdida de salario. Cada adulto con problemas de salud que un empleado se encarga de cuidar aumenta las probabilidades de pérdida salarial en un 29%. Al mismo tiempo, acceso a permiso pagado para cubrir las necesidades de cuidados de salud de familiares reduce la probabilidad de pérdida de salario en un 30%, y tener apoyo del supervisor reduce las probabilidades de pérdida de salario en un 37%. Las implicaciones para los empresarios y políticos de EE.UU. se discuten.

Acknowledgements

The WFCN Survey was made possible with the support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. We wish to thank Jeff Hayes and Claudia Lahaie for their excellent assistance with early data analyses.

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