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ARTICLES

Ambivalent sexism and perceptions of men and women who violate gendered family roles

Pages 401-416 | Received 06 Jun 2012, Accepted 14 Nov 2012, Published online: 22 Mar 2013
 

Abstract

This study draws on ambivalent sexism theory to explore the role of benevolent and hostile gender attitudes in determining perceptions of individuals who comply with traditional gender roles or violate them. Three hundred and eleven participants were presented with a description of a male or a female target who was either a primary breadwinner or a primary caregiver. As hypothesized, hostile sexism (HS) predicted more negative perceptions of a female breadwinner, whereas benevolent sexism (BS) predicted more positive perceptions of a female caregiver. Moreover, participants who endorsed hostile attitudes toward men reacted more positively to a nontraditional male caregiver, whereas those who endorsed benevolent attitudes toward men reacted more negatively to a male caregiver. Implications regarding the nature of ambivalent gender attitudes are discussed.

Cette étude s'appuie sur la théorie du sexisme ambivalent à explorer le rôle des attitudes sexistes bienveillants et hostile à déterminer les perceptions des individus qui se conforment aux rôles traditionnels des sexes ou les violer. Trois cent onze participants ont été présentés avec une description d'un mâle ou d'une cible féminine qui était soit un principal soutien de famille ou un soignant primaire. Comme hypothèse, le sexisme hostile prédit des perceptions plus négatives du soutien de famille femelle, tandis que sexisme bienveillant prédit une perception plus positive de femme au foyer. De plus, les participants qui ont approuvé les attitudes hostiles envers les hommes ont réagi plus positivement à un fournisseur de soins non traditionnels de sexe masculin, alors que ceux qui ont approuvé l'attitude bienveillante envers les hommes ont réagi plus négativement à un soignant de sexe masculin. Implications quant à la nature des attitudes ambivalentes entre les sexes sont discutées.

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