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ARTICLES

Maternal labor market return and domestic work after childbirth in Britain and Germany

Pages 307-326 | Received 13 Nov 2012, Accepted 07 Feb 2013, Published online: 24 Jul 2013
 

Abstract

This study investigates how the duration of maternal labor market interruptions and mothers' employment status after return relate to the division of domestic work in couples after childbirth in West Germany, East Germany, and Britain. It extends the literature by considering how these two aspects of postnatal labor market return decisions of mothers may give rise to or counteract growing gender inequality in domestic work afterbirth events. Using data on 826 British and 1614 German new parent couples based on the British Household Panel Study (BHPS) (1991–2008) and on the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) (1990–2010), I apply fixed-effects panel models. Mothers perform more housework with increasing length of their employment interruptions across the three contexts. For childcare, longer time-outs increase mothers' childcare share in West Germany but not in East Germany. This result is in line with institutional variations in day-care provision. Across contexts, mothers' full-time returns are associated with a larger reduction in their domestic work share than short time-out. After mothers returned to part-time employment, couples show no or much weaker compensating behaviors for longer previous maternal time-outs than after a full-time return.

Este estudio investiga en qué manera la duración de las interrupciones laborales por maternidad y el estatus de empleo de la madre al retornar al mercado de trabaja afectan a la división del trabajo doméstico en las parejas después del parto en Alemania occidental, Alemania oriental y Gran Bretaña. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura al considerar cómo estos dos aspectos de la decisiones maternales pueden hacer surgir o contrarrestar la creciente desigualdad de género en el trabajo doméstico después del nacimiento de un hijo. Con datos de 826 nuevos padres británicos y 1.614 nuevos padres alemanes extraídos del British Household Panel Study (1991–2008) y del German Socio-Economic Panel (1990–2010), aplico modelos panel de efectos fijos. En los tres contextos, las madres desempeñan más tareas domésticas cuando la duración de la interrupción de empleo es mayor. En cuanto al cuidado de los hijos, más tiempo fuera de trabajo aumenta la contribución de la madre en Alemania occidental, pero no en la Alemania oriental. Este resultado concuerda con las variaciones institucionales en la disposición de servicios de guardería. En todos los contextos, los retornos a tiempo completo reducen la cantidad de tareas domésticas de las madres en mayor medida que las excedencias breves. Entre las madres que vuelven al trabajo con jornada a tiempo parcial, las parejas no muestran comportamientos para compensar por bajas maternales más largas, y si lo muestran son más débiles que en las parejas donde la mujer regresa al mercado de trabajo a tiempo completo.

Notes on contributor

Pia Schober is currently a research associate at the Department of Educational Policy at the German Institute for Economic Research. Her research interests include comparative family and early childhood education policy, gender inequalities in paid and unpaid work, family processes, and child development. Previously, she held two postdoctoral research fellowships funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and by the British Academy and was based at the Department of Sociology at the University of Cambridge (2009–2012). She completed a Ph.D. in Social Policy (2005–2009) at the London School of Economics. Recent publications include ‘Paternal childcare and relationship quality’ in Journal of Marriage and Family, ‘Are couples with young children more likely to split up when the mother is the main or an equal earner?’ in Sociology, and ‘Early childhood education activities and care arrangements of disadvantaged children in Germany’ in Child Indicators Research.

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