Latino immigrant youth and interrupted schooling: dropouts, dreamers, and alternative pathways to college

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Notes

1. The author describes school leavers as an overlooked group of foreign-born Latinos who, after initially dropping out of high school, return to school through second-chance education programs to complete a high school degree, a GED, or a higher-level degree.

2. The author describes pushouts as Latino immigrants who attended high school in the USA and were forced out of school via discharge procedures.

3. The author describes shutouts as young adult Latino immigrants whose effort to enroll in high school was rejected by school officials based on discriminatory factors such as age, the lack of school-related paper documentation, and the lack of English language proficiency.

4. The author describes holdouts as adolescent or young adult Latino immigrants who work for a long period of time in the US (at least two to four years) before returning to school to pursue a high school equivalent diploma through adult education programs.