A robust and forensic transform for copy move digital image forgery detection based on dense depth block matching

ABSTRACT

Copy-move forgery is one of the most popular tampering artefacts in digital images. However, tampering effect in digital images makes the authentication of the processing as untrustworthy. In this paper, a combination of Fourier-Mellin and Zernike moments (FMZM) Transform is proposed which detects the copy-move region with high-speed and low-computational complexity. Here, initially an image is segmented into various blocks using marker controlled watershed management and from that proposed FMZM feature extraction is used which detects duplication. The detected regions are matched with the Dense Depth Reconstruction based lexicographically sorting. Finally, tampered outliers presented at the data are removed through RANSAC (RANdom Sample Consensus) algorithm, in which removed false matches are verified with the morphological operators. The efficiency of proposed method is measured by various performance metrics and this method earned up to 97.56%, 99.98%, and 97.12% for precision, recall, and F1-score performance, respectively.

KEYWORDS:

• Blind forgery detection
• block matching
• outlier removal
• segmentation
• feature extraction
• transformation

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes on contributors

Dr. Rajeev Rajkumar was born in 1984. He received B.E. in Computer Science & Engineering from Manipur University, M.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering from VTU, Belgaum, Ph.D. degree in Digital image Processing from Assam University, Silchar.

Prof. Sudipta Roy, PhD is Dean, Triguna Sen School of Technology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam. He was associated with ACE Consultants, Kolkata as a Software Professional and Bengal Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India as a faculty. His research interests are image processing, soft computing techniques and its applications, wireless networking and network security. He has published numerous papers in international and national journals.

Prof. Khumanthem Manglem Singh was born in 1963. He received BE in Electrical (Electronic) from D.E.I. Agra, M.E in Control & Instrumentation from Delhi University, M.S. in computer Software Systems from BITS, Pilani, Ph.D. degree, in Digital Image Processing from IIT, Guwahati. He joined as R & D Engineer in Danfoss(I) LTD, Delhi in 1990.Presently he is working as Associate Professor in Computer Science & Engineering at NIT, Manipur. He has published more than 55papers in International and National Journals and Conferences. 19 papers in Journals.

ORCID

Rajeev Rajkumar http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-9175