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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 6, 2004 - Issue 6
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Original Articles

Precautionary tales: Condom and contraceptive use among young Australian apprentices

Pages 517-535 | Published online: 19 May 2010
 

Abstract

Condom and contraceptive use at first intercourse have become important reference points in monitoring the sexual health of young people. This study describes the precautionary practices of a national stratified cluster sample of 3133 Australian hairdressing, automotive, and commercial cookery apprentices aged 15 to 24 years. Approximately 77% of the apprentices reported using a condom, the oral contraceptive, spermicide, IUD, or a diaphragm at first intercourse. Of these, 91.7% used a condom either alone or in combination with another method. Among female apprentices, younger age at the time of the survey, year 10 or more schooling, being older at first intercourse, being the same age or older than their partner, and planning first intercourse were associated with increased condom use. First intercourse with a regular partner and planning first intercourse were associated with greater likelihood contraceptive use. Male apprentices were more likely to use condoms, and to use contraception generally, if they were younger at the time of the survey, older at first intercourse, and were involved in planning their first occasion of intercourse. No significant differences were found in rates of precautionary use between the sexes. Rates of condom and contraceptive use at first intercourse in this Australian sample were comparable to those of other developed countries. However, there is still a worrying degree of non‐use, especially among those who engage in intercourse early in their teenage years, who are forced or coerced into sex, or do not plan their first occasion of intercourse.

Notes

Anne Grunseit is research officer with the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, in Sydney, Australia, and an adjunct research fellow with the National Centre in HIV Social Research at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Address all correspondence to: Anne Grunseit, Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, GPO Box 6, Sydney 2001, Australia; e‐mail: [email protected]

Notes: ∗ Male and female apprentices significantly different at 0.01.1 Some categorical variables may not add up to 100% due to rounding.2 Missing values were found for education (n=15), place of birth (n=11), age at first intercourse (n=114), partner type (n=52), age difference between partners (n=373), and for planning/control of sexual encounter (n=73).3 The category of ‘no control’ includes those respondents who said they were forced or coerced into first intercourse or claimed to have been drunk at the time of first intercourse.

Notes: ∗ Significant at 0.01; ∗∗ significant at 0.001 (after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons).1 OR for regular partner at first intercourse.2 The ‘no control’ category includes those respondents who said they were either forced or coerced into first intercourse or who said they were drunk.

Notes: ∗ Significant at 0.01; ∗∗ significant at 0.001 (after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons).1 OR for regular partner at first intercourse.2 The ‘no control’ category includes those respondents who said they were either forced or coerced into first intercourse or who said they were drunk.

1Variables significant only at the multiple variable level were included in case some of the covariates were acting as suppressor variables (Tabachnick and Fidell Citation1996).

2Note that there are no educational pre‐requisites for any of these apprenticeships.

3The distribution for age difference between partners was significantly negatively skewed and small cell sizes required the collapse of the cases where the partner was younger than the respondent with those where the partners were the same age.

  • Résumé

  • L'utilisation du préservatif et d'une contraception lors du premier rapport sexuel est devenue un repère dans la surveillance de la santé sexuelle chez les jeunes. Cette étude décrit les pratiques préventives au sein d'un échantillon stratifié par grappes de 3133 apprentis australiens âgés de 15 à 24 ans et travaillant dans les secteurs de la coiffure, de l'industrie automobile et de la restauration. Environ 77% de ces apprentis ont indiqué avoir eu recours à un préservatif, un contraceptif oral, un spermicide, un dispositif intra‐utérin ou un diaphragme lors de leur premier rapport. Parmi ceux‐ci, 91.7% ont utilisé un préservatif, seul ou associé avec une autre méthode. Pour les jeunes femmes apprenties, étaient associés à une utilisation plus importante du préservatif 1) un plus jeune âge au moment de l'enquête 2) 10 années de scolarité ou plus 3) être plus âgée lors du premier rapport sexuel 4) être du même âge ou plus âgée que le partenaire 5) avoir planifié le premier rapport sexuel. Le premier rapport avec un partenaire régulier et sa planification étaient associés à une plus forte probabilité d'utilisation d'une contraception. Chez les garçons, la probabilité d'utilisation de préservatifs, et de contraception en général, augmentait s'ils étaient plus jeunes au moment de l'enquête, plus âgés lors du premier rapport et impliqués dans la planification de ce premier rapport. Concernant les taux d'utilisation des méthodes préventives, aucune différence significative selon le sexe n'a été relevée. Les taux d'utilisation du préservatif et des méthodes contraceptives lors du premier rapport sexuel dans cette population australienne sont comparables à ceux que l'on trouve dans d'autres pays développés. Cependant il existe encore un taux inquiétant de non‐utilisation, en particulier chez les jeunes qui ont leurs premiers rapports sexuels tôt dans l'adolescence, qui sont forcés ou contraints à avoir ces rapports, ou qui ne planifient pas leur première occasion de rapport sexuel.

  • Resumen

  • El uso de preservativos y métodos anticonceptivos en la primera relación sexual se ha convertido en un importante punto de referencia para controlar la salud sexual de los jóvenes. En este estudio se describen los métodos de precaución de una muestra nacional de un grupo estratificado de 3133 aprendices australianos, con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 24 años, de peluquería, automoción y cocina comercial. Aproximadamente el 77% de los aprendices afirmaron que los métodos anticonceptivos más utilizados en su primera relación sexual eran el preservativo, la píldora, espermicidas, el DIU o el diafragma. De éstos, el 91,7% utilizaron un preservativo sólo o en combinación con otro método. Se observó que las aprendices de sexo femenino que usaban preservativos con más frecuencia eran las más jóvenes en el momento del estudio, habían estudiado hasta la edad de 15 años o más, eran más mayores en su primera relación sexual, tenían la misma edad o eran mayores que sus compañeros, y planificaron su primera relación sexual. Los participantes que tuvieron su primera relación sexual con un compañero regular y los que planificaban esta primera relación mostraban una mayor probabilidad a usar métodos anticonceptivos. Los aprendices del sexo masculino mostraban una mayor tendencia a usar condones y, en general, a usar métodos anticonceptivos si eran más jóvenes en el momento del estudio, más mayores en su primera relación sexual y planificaron su primera relación sexual. No se observaron diferencias significativas en los porcentajes de uso de precaución entre ambos sexos. Las tasas de uso del preservativo y otros métodos anticonceptivos en la primera relación sexual en esta muestra de Australia fueron comparables al resultado de los estudios llevados a cabo en otros países. No obstante, se aprecia un grado preocupante de jóvenes que no usan métodos anticonceptivos, especialmente entre aquellos que tienen relaciones sexuales a una edad temprana en la adolescencia, los que se sienten forzados u obligados a tener relaciones sexuales y los que no planifican su primera relación sexual.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Anne Carolyn GrunseitFootnote

Anne Grunseit is research officer with the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, in Sydney, Australia, and an adjunct research fellow with the National Centre in HIV Social Research at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Address all correspondence to: Anne Grunseit, Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, GPO Box 6, Sydney 2001, Australia; e‐mail: [email protected]

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