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Original Articles

Have they really come out: gay men and their parents in Taiwan

, &
Pages 285-296 | Received 12 Mar 2008, Accepted 22 Oct 2008, Published online: 18 Mar 2009
 

Abstract

In Chinese culture, filial piety for a son is closely linked to his capacity to produce an heir to ensure continuity of the paternal line. For Taiwanese gay men, coming out as gay may be interpreted as a refusal to produce a male heir and thus constitutes a major conflict within their family. This study explores how gay men in Taiwan come out to their parents within this cultural context. Thirty‐two men in total were interviewed. Findings demonstrate that the decision to come out was often motivated by the son's perception of his parents' attitude towards homosexuality. Respondents worked hard to prepare for coming out and to minimize the risk and the impacts of the process, their report shows that some parents go through their own process of coming out and/or hiding in the closet after their gay son's coming out. Although many parents still see homosexuality as illness, some adopt alternative discourses to reinterpret the meaning of being gay as a spiritual path to eternal enlightenment or friendship. These findings imply sites of resistance to the privileged discourse of filial piety in constituting the experiences of coming out for Taiwanese gay men and their parents.

Résumé

Dans la culture chinoise, la dévotion pour les parents est, chez les fils, fortement liée à leur capacité à produire un héritier afin d'assurer la continuité de la lignée paternelle. Pour les hommes gays taïwanais, faire son coming out peut être interprété par les parents comme un refus de produire un héritier de sexe masculin, et constitue ainsi une source de conflit majeur au sein de leur famille. Cette étude explore comment les hommes gays à Taïwan révèlent leur sexualité à leurs parents, dans ce contexte culturel. Des entretiens ont eu lieu avec trente deux hommes au total. Les résultats démontrent que la décision de faire son coming out est souvent motivée par la perception de l'attitude des parents vis‐à‐vis de l'homosexualité. Les répondants se sont mobilisés pour préparer leur coming out et pour minimiser le risque et les impacts de ce processus; selon eux, certains parents font leur propre coming out (en tant que parents de fils gay) et/ou décident de rester dans le placard après le coming out de leur fils. Bien que de nombreux parents considèrent encore l'homosexualité comme une maladie, certains adoptent des discours différents pour donner un nouveau sens au fait d'être gay, celui d'une voie spirituelle vers l'illumination ou l'amitié éternelles. Ces résultats sous‐entendent des sites de résistance au discours privilégié de la dévotion filiale, en constituant les expériences du coming out des hommes gays taïwanais et de leurs parents.

Resumen

En la cultura china, la piedad familiar por un hijo está estrechamente vinculada a su capacidad de procrear un heredero para asegurar la continuidad de la línea paterna. Para los hombres de Taiwán, salir del armario puede ser interpretado como un rechazo a querer procrear un heredero masculino y por tanto representa un conflicto importante con sus familias. En este estudio analizamos de qué modo los hombres de Taiwán confiesan a sus padres su condición de homosexual en este contexto cultural. Para este trabajo se entrevistó a treinta y dos hombres en total. Los resultados indican que la decisión de salir del armario muchas veces estaba motivada por la percepción que el hijo tenía de la actitud de sus padres ante la homosexualidad. Los entrevistados trabajaron duro para prepararse y confesar su condición de homosexuales a fin de minimizar el riesgo y las repercusiones de este proceso. Informaron que algunos padres experimentaron su propio proceso para salir del armario u ocultar su condición después de que los hijos confesaran su homosexualidad. Aunque muchos padres todavía ven la homosexualidad como una enfermedad, algunos adoptan discursos alternativos para reinterpretar el significado de ser gay como una vía espiritual hacia la iluminación eterna o la amistad. Estos resultados implican focos de resistencia que impiden que el discurso privilegiado de la piedad familiar defina las experiencias de salir del armario para hombres homosexuales de Taiwán y sus padres.

Notes

1. Here we use the word Chinese in a broad sense to refer to people who are brought up in Chinese culture, such as China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore.

2. The one 5‐hour interviewee was happy to have this opportunity to share his gay experiences with a person who he felt could understand. We also spent time exchanging information and ideas regarding to gay issues in Taiwan.

3. According to statistics from the Directorate‐General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, the average marriage age for men and women in 2001 was 29.5 and 25.9, respectively. Retrieved October 3, 2007, from http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.asp

4. A famous film on gay issues directed by Ang Lee.

5. We use the word discourse in a general way to refer to structures of knowledge and systemic ways of shaping reality. The strength of family discourse does not mean it has total dominance over the experiences of Chinese gay men (Wang 2004).

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