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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 13, 2011 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Vocabulary used by sexual offenders: meaning and implications

Pages 101-113 | Received 07 Sep 2009, Accepted 22 Jun 2010, Published online: 16 Aug 2010
 

Abstract

This paper examines how some sexual violence offenders use culturally acquired vocabularies to describe episodes of rape. The paper is based on an analysis of 12 accounts obtained from death-row inmates in Kenya who had been convicted of violent crimes and sexual violence. The accounts were elicited while conducting a larger study to explore the individual motivations, and social and cultural factors that predispose men to acts of rape. Findings suggest that some sex offenders are immersed in normative cultural expectations about sexuality and gender and that, within this framework, they endeavour to create a picture that shifts the blame from themselves to their victims. They attempt to foster the belief that women and girls, in one way or another, provoke rape. Such vocabularies are used to trivialise and neutralise instances of rape within the wider society.

Cet article examine comment certains coupables de violences sexuelles s'appuient sur des vocabulaires culturels acquis pour décrire des épisodes de viol. Il est basé sur une analyse de douze récits de détenus condamnés à mort au Kenya, pour avoir été reconnus coupables de crimes violents et de violences sexuelles. Ces récits ont été extraits d'une étude plus importante qui explorait les motivations individuelles, et les facteurs sociaux et culturels qui prédisposent les hommes aux actes de viol. Les résultats suggèrent que certains délinquants sexuels sont immergés dans des attentes culturelles normatives en rapport avec la sexualité et le genre et que, dans ce cadre, ils tentent de créer une image qui transfère leur propre culpabilité à leurs victimes. Ils tentent d'entretenir la croyance laquelle les femmes et les filles, d'une manière ou d'une autre, provoquent le viol. De tels vocabulaires sont employés pour banaliser et neutraliser le viol au sein de la société, au sens le plus large du terme.

En este artículo examinamos de qué modo algunos agresores de violencia sexual utilizan un vocabulario que han adquirido culturalmente para describir los casos de violaciones. El ensayo se basa en un análisis de doce relatos obtenidos de reclusos en los corredores de la muerte de Kenia que han sido condenados por crímenes violentos y violencia sexual. Los relatos se obtuvieron a través de un estudio a gran escala cuyo objetivo fue estudiar las motivaciones individuales y los factores sociales y culturales que predisponen a los hombres a cometer violaciones. Los resultados indican que algunos delincuentes sexuales están sumergidos en expectativas culturales con carácter normativo sobre la sexualidad y el género y que, en esta estructura, se esfuerzan por crear una imagen en la que acaban echando la culpa a sus víctimas. Intentan fomentar la creencia de que, de alguna manera, son las mujeres y las niñas quienes provocan la violación. Este vocabulario se utiliza para trivializar y neutralizar los casos de violaciones en la comunidad.

Acknowledgements

I acknowledge the University of Nairobi for providing part of the funds for this research. I also thank the respondents for sharing their experiences. I am grateful to the Social Welfare Officer of the prison for his valuable support while collecting these accounts. I sincerely thank Simiyu Wandibba for his valuable insight into the topic of sexual violence. I thank my doctoral supervisor Gary Dowsett and my co-supervisor Karalyn McDonald, both from the Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society for their input and assistance on this paper. Finally, I thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.

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