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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 14, 2012 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

‘It [HIV] is part of the relationship’: exploring communication among HIV-serodiscordant couples in South Africa and Tanzania

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Pages 257-268 | Received 25 Oct 2010, Accepted 05 Sep 2011, Published online: 14 Nov 2011
 

Abstract

In many sub-Saharan African countries, a high proportion of people living with HIV are in long-term serodiscordant relationships. This paper explores how HIV serodiscordance shapes communication among couples in long-term HIV-serodiscordant relationships. A total of 36 couples were purposively recruited through healthcare providers and civil society organisations in South Africa (26) and Tanzania (10). We explored couples' portrayal of living in a serodiscordant relationship by conducting semi-structured interviews with each partner separately, followed by a joint interview with both partners. Using an adaptation of Persson's model on sero-silence and sero-sharing, we categorised coping style as ‘sero-silent’ if partners reported that they did not talk much with each other about issues related to their serodiscordant status or as ‘sero-sharing’ if they portrayed HIV as being an issue which they dealt with together. Some couples exhibited features of both coping styles and, at times, partners differed in their ways of coping.

Dans de nombreux pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne, le nombre de personnes vivant avec le VIH au sein d'une relation sérodifférente sur le long-terme est élevé. Cet article examine en quoi la sérodifférence est déterminante pour la communication au sein des couples confrontés à cette situation. Dans cet objectif, trente-six couples ont été recrutés par des prestataires de soins et des organisations de la Société Civile en Afrique du Sud (26) et en Tanzanie (10). Nous avons exploré les représentations de ces couples sur la vie au sein d'une relation sérodifférente en conduisant des entretiens semi-structurés individuels avec chacun des partenaires, puis avec les deux partenaires. En nous appuyant sur le cadre conceptuel développé par Persson en 2008 – basé sur les notions de séro-silence et de séro-partage – nous avons catégorisé les modes de coping de ces personnes en «séro-silence» quand les partenaires déclaraient ne pas trop aborder entre eux les questions liées à la sérodifférence; ou en «séro-partage» s'ils décrivaient le VIH comme un problème auquel ils devaient faire face ensemble. Certains couples ont laissé apparaître des caractéristiques relevant de ces deux modes de coping à la fois, et il est arrivé que les partenaires d'un même couple montrent des différences dans leur manière de faire face.

En muchos países del África subsahariana, un gran número de personas seropositivas tienen relaciones serodiscordantes estables. En este artículo analizamos cómo un estado sérico al VIH diferente determina la comunicación entre las parejas en relaciones serodiscordantes a largo plazo. Para este estudio se seleccionaron treinta y seis parejas a través de profesionales de la salud y organizaciones de la sociedad civil en Sudáfrica (26) y Tanzania (10). Analizamos cómo retrataban los participantes la vida en una relación serodiscordante mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con cada miembro por separado, seguido de una entrevista en conjunto con ambas partes. Usando una adaptación del modelo Persson 2008 en lo que respecta a hablar o no sobre el estado sérico a la pareja, clasificamos el estilo de sobrellevar el estado sérico como ‘sero-silencio’ si la pareja informó que no hablaban entre ellos sobre temas relacionados con sus estados serodiscordantes, o como ‘sero-hablado’ si explicaron que el VIH era un tema que abordaban en conjunto. Algunas parejas presentaron ambos estilos de sobrellevar el problema y a veces las parejas diferían en su forma de afrontarlo.

Acknowledgements

We thank Asha Persson and Jeanne Ellard for their support and encouragement and for useful comments on the paper. GNP+received funding from the World Health Organization for this study. The study would not have been possible without the assistance of many people, including: Debbie Mopedi, Jonathan Berger, Jeffrey Wing, Alan Karstaedt, Ashraf Coovadia and Duane Blaauw (in South Africa); Blanche Pitt, Benedicta Mduma, Cayus Mrina, Scholastica Spendi and Suzan Kipuyo (in Tanzania). The findings on the sexual and reproductive health needs of HIV-discordant couples were presented at the research day of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in September 2008 and at the 4th South African AIDS Conference, Durban, South Africa, April, 2009. A paper entitled Sexual relations and childbearing decisions of HIV-discordant couples: an exploratory study in South Africa and Tanzania was published in the May 2011 edition of Reproductive Health Matters 19, no. 37: 184–93. The views presented in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the decisions, policy or views of GNP+or WHO.

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