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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 19, 2017 - Issue 1
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Articles

Intergenerational variation in sexual health attitudes and beliefs among Sudanese refugee communities in Australia

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Pages 17-31 | Received 14 Jan 2016, Accepted 26 Apr 2016, Published online: 08 Jun 2016
 

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop intergenerational understanding of the factors perceived to be influencing the sexual health and wellbeing of young Sudanese refugees in Queensland, Australia. Data from 11 semi-structured, face-to-face interviews exploring sexual health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours with young people aged 16 to 24 years, and five focus groups with adults from the broader Queensland Sudanese community, were compared and contrasted. Findings indicate that sexual health-related knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, along with patterns of sexual behaviour, are changing post-resettlement and this creates considerable intergenerational discord and family conflict. Study findings provide an understanding of how the interplay between traditional cultural gender, parenting and relationship norms and perceived normative Australian beliefs and patterns of behaviour influence the construction of both young people’s and their parents’ attitudes to sexual health post-arrival. We suggest that sexuality education programmes adapted to the specific cultural- and age-related contexts need to be introduced early within the resettlement process for both young people and their families.

Résumé

L’objectif de cette étude était de contribuer à la compréhension intergénérationnelle des facteurs perçus comme influençant la santé sexuelle et le bien-être de jeunes réfugiés soudanais dans le Queensland, en Australie. Les données provenant de onze entretiens en face à face et semi-structurés ayant exploré les connaissances, les attitudes et les comportements parmi des jeunes âgés de 16 à 24 ans, et de cinq groupes de discussion thématique avec des adultes issus de la communauté soudanaise du Queensland, ont été comparées et contrastées. Les résultats indiquent que les connaissances, les attitudes et les croyances se rapportant à la santé sexuelle chez les jeunes réfugiés, parallèlement aux modèles de comportements sexuels, se modifient après la réinstallation, et que ce changement est à la source de désaccords intergénérationnels et de conflits familiaux considérables. Les résultats de l’étude apportent un éclairage sur la manière dont les interactions entre, d’une part, le genre culturel traditionnel, la parentalité, les normes des relations, et d’autre part, les perceptions sur les croyances normatives australiennes et les modèles de comportements, influencent la construction des attitudes vis-à-vis de la santé sexuelle après l’arrivée en Australie, aussi bien chez les jeunes que chez leurs parents. Nous suggérons que les programmes d’éducation sur la sexualité adaptés à ce contexte culturel et générationnel précis soient introduits assez tôt dans le processus de réinstallation aussi bien des jeunes que de leur famille.

Resumen

El propósito del presente estudio apuntó a generar comprensión intergeneracional en torno a los factores percibidos como influyentes en la salud sexual y el bienestar de los jóvenes refugiados sudaneses que habitan en Queensland, Australia. Para ello se compararon y contrastaron los datos surgidos de entrevistas presenciales semiestructuradas realizadas a once jóvenes, cuyas edades oscilan entre los 16 y 24 años, en las que se examinaron su grado de conocimiento, las actitudes y los comportamientos vinculados con la salud sexual, con los datos aportados por cinco grupos de enfoque integrados por adultos de la comunidad sudanesa general de Queensland. Los hallazgos al respecto dan cuenta de que tanto el conocimiento como las actitudes y las convicciones relacionados con la salud sexual, así como los patrones de comportamiento sexual, se van modificando en la etapa post asentamiento. Concomitantemente, ello va generando discordancia intergeneracional y conflicto familiar. Asimismo, los hallazgos aportados por el estudio contribuyen a comprender cómo, posteriormente a su llegada a Australia, en la construcción de actitudes vinculadas a la salud sexual de los jóvenes y sus padres, inciden la interacción que se establece entre las tradicionales normas culturales, de género, paternales y relacionales, y los patrones de comportamiento percibidos, así como las convicciones de los australianos. Los autores sugieren que, al comenzar el proceso de reasentamiento, tanto los jóvenes como sus familias deben participar (o deben ser incluidos) en los programas de educación sexual adaptados a su cultura específica y al contexto propio de su edad.

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the support and guidance provided by the Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland especially Zhihong Gu throughout this research. The authors also thank the members of the Queensland Sudanese Communities for their support and participation in this research. In particular, the authors would like to acknowledge the invaluable cultural advice and support of the reference group and the enthusiastic contribution of the peer recruiters.

Notes

1. Sudan has over 50 ethnic groups and 140 different tribal languages creating a complex, heterogeneous web of cultural practices and ethnic/tribal ancestral attachments (Kizito Citation2001).

2. Centrelink is an Australian Government agency responsible for delivering a wide range of social and financial support services and unemployment benefits to Australians who find themselves in need or who are without an income (Australian Government Citation2016a).

3. In Australia, applicants for a permanent residency visa and some temporary visas including refugee and humanitarian visas must undergo a health assessment including a HIV test. If found to be HIV-positive, a Ministerial health waiver may however be granted allowing the applicant to enter/remain (Australian Government Citation2016b).

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