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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 20, 2018 - Issue 3
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Articles

Perspectives on induced abortion among Palestinian women: religion, culture and access in the occupied Palestinian territories

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Pages 289-305 | Received 19 Oct 2016, Accepted 15 Jun 2017, Published online: 19 Jul 2017
 

Abstract

Induced abortion is an important public health issue in the occupied Palestinian territories (OPT), where it is illegal in most cases. This study was designed to elicit the views of Palestinian women on induced abortion given the unique religious, ethical and social challenges in the OPT. Sixty Palestinian women were interviewed on their perceptions of the religious implications, social consequences and accessibility of induced abortions in the OPT at Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital in East Jerusalem. Themes arising from the interviews included: the centrality of religion in affecting women’s choices and views on abortion; the importance of community norms in regulating perspectives on elective abortion; and the impact of the unique medico-legal situation of the OPT on access to abortion under occupation. Limitations to safe abortion access included: legal restrictions; significant social consequences from the discovery of an abortion by one’s community or family; and different levels of access to abortion depending on whether a woman lived in East Jerusalem, the West Bank, or Gaza. This knowledge should be incorporated to work towards a legal and medical framework in Palestine that would allow for safe abortions for women in need.

Résumé

L’avortement provoqué est une question de santé publique importante dans les territoires palestiniens occupés (TPO), où il est illégal dans la plupart des cas. Cette étude a été conçue pour recueillir les points de vue de femmes palestiniennes sur l’avortement provoqué, étant donnés les défis religieux, éthiques et sociaux spécifiques aux TPO. À l’hôpital islamique charitable Al Makassed de Jérusalem-Est, soixante femmes palestiniennes ont été interrogées, sur leurs perceptions des implications, des conséquences sociales et de l’accessibilité des avortements volontaires dans les TPO. Les thèmes qui ont émergé des entretiens comprennent la place centrale de la religion dans les choix et les points de vue sur l’avortement, l’importance des normes communautaires dans la régulation des perspectives sur l’avortement volontaire, et l’impact de la situation médico-légale unique dans les TPO, quant à l’accès à l’avortement sous l’occupation israélienne. Les restrictions de l’accès à l’avortement sans danger incluaient : les restrictions d’ordre juridique, les conséquences sociales significatives dès la découverte d’un recours à l’avortement par la communauté ou la famille d’une femme, et les différents niveaux d’accès à l’avortement, selon l’endroit où vit une femme. Ces informations doivent être intégrées à toute approche visant à définir un cadre juridique et médical facilitant les avortements sans danger pour les femmes qui en ont besoin en Palestine.

Resumen

Debido a que en la mayoría de los casos el aborto inducido es ilegal, en los territorios palestinos ocupados (tpo) constituye un tema de salud pública de primer orden. El presente estudio fue diseñado para conocer las percepciones de las mujeres palestinas respecto al aborto inducido, en un contexto caracterizado por las singulares condiciones religiosas, éticas y sociales existentes en los tpo. Con este objetivo, en el Hospital Caritativo Islámico Al-Makassed, localizado en Jerusalén Oriental, se entrevistó a 60 mujeres palestinas a fin de indagar sus percepciones en torno a las implicaciones religiosas, las consecuencias sociales y el acceso al aborto electivo en los tpo. Entre los temas surgidos de las entrevistas se incluyen la manera en que la centralidad de la religión incide en las opciones y las opiniones de las mujeres respecto al aborto, la importancia de las normas comunitarias para guiar sus perspectivas sobre el aborto electivo, y el impacto de la singular situación médico-legal de los tpo en términos del acceso al aborto bajo la ocupación. Las limitaciones para el acceso a un aborto seguro incluyen restricciones legales, consecuencias sociales significativas si la comunidad o la familia de la mujer se dan cuenta del aborto y distintos niveles de acceso al mismo vinculados a la ubicación del lugar de residencia de la mujer. El artículo recomienda que esta información sea considerada al momento de llevar a cabo gestiones encaminadas a lograr un marco médico-legal que permita que las mujeres que lo necesiten puedan obtener un aborto seguro en Palestina.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Nawal Nour at Brigham and Women’s Hospital for her invaluable guidance on this work. We are also grateful to Ashish Premkumar for his review of this manuscript and to Rasha Khoury for her help in the design of the interview questions. This work would not have been possible without Kari Hannibal and the Scholars in Medicine Office at Harvard Medical School for providing the first author the opportunity to travel to Jerusalem. We are especially indebted to Saadah Jaber, Aya Abassi and Asma Merei and the rest of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Al-Makassed Hospital for graciously allowing us to recruit their patients for our study. Most of all, we express our sincere gratitude to the Palestinian women who took the time to participate in this study and courageously volunteered to help us better understand their views on the sensitive topic of induced abortion in Palestinian society.

Notes

1. See also Universal Declaration of Human Rights Citation1948; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, GA Res. 2200A (XXI), UN GAOR, 21st Sess., Supp. No. 16, U.N. Doc A/6316 (Citationn.d.), 999 U.N.T.S. 171 (entered into Force Mar. 23, 1976), Citation1966; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Adopted Dec. 16, 1966, Art. 12 GA Res. 2200A (XXI), UN GAOR, Supp. No. 16, UN Doc. A/6316 (1966) (entered into Force Jan. 3, 1976), Citationn.d., Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Adopted Dec. 18, 1979, Art. 1, GA Res. 34/180, UN GAOR, 34th Sess., Supp. No. 46, at 193, UN Doc. A/34/46 (1979) (entered into Force Sept. 3, 1981), n.d.

2. Of note, for both Table and Figure , women were asked about their opinions concerning abortion for a theoretical Palestinian woman, not their opinions on whether the participant would consider an abortion for herself in these situations.

This article is part of the following collections:
Abortion: Autonomy, Anxiety and Exile

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