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Articles

Front-line work in activation and targeting of re-qualification programmes: lessons from the Czech Republic

Přímá práce s klienty v oblasti aktivace a cílenost rekvalifikačních programů - poučení z České republiky

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Pages 162-175 | Published online: 20 Nov 2020
 

ABSTRACT

A paradigmatic policy change towards activation, together with currently very low rates of unemployment, made the most disadvantaged groups of unemployed people the focus of active labour market policy in the Czech Republic. The aim of including people with multiple and/or severe disadvantages in the labour market represents a new challenge for front-line workers at employment offices, as they are expected to provide their hard-to-place clients with individualised, tailored services, including well-targeted active labour market policy measures. In this paper, we analyse how successful front-line workers are in targeting re-qualification programmes at the most disadvantaged groups and which factors shape front-line work. Our findings are based on recent empirical (quantitative as well as qualitative) research in Czech active labour market policy in which we took part and on in-depth interviews on the topic that we carried out with front-line employment-office employees. We demonstrate failures in personalised front-line activation work and in targeting re-qualification programmes at disadvantaged groups and examine the underlying factors (e.g. governance reforms in activation, insufficient personnel resources, emphasis on coercion and standardisation of front-line work).

ABSTRAKT

V důsledku paradigmatické změny politiky směrem k aktivaci a současné nízké míry nezaměstnanosti se do centra pozornosti aktivní politiky trhu práce v České republice dostaly nejvíce znevýhodněné skupiny nezaměstnaných. Cíl začlenit skupiny s četnými a/nebo závažnými znevýhodněními na trh práce představuje pro pracovníky Úřadu práce, kteří jsou s klienty v přímém styku, novou výzvu. Očekává se od nich totiž, že svým těžko umístitelným klientům poskytnou individualizované, na míru šité služby, a to včetně dobrého zacílení nástrojů aktivní politiky trhu práce. V textu se zabýváme otázkou, nakolik se těmto pracovníkům daří cílit rekvalifikační programy k nejvíce znevýhodněným skupinám, a také faktory, jež ovlivňují podobu přímé práce s nezaměstnanými. Naše zjištění vycházejí z nedávno uskutečněných empirických (kvantitativních i kvalitativních) šetření české aktivní politiky trhu práce, na nichž jsme se podíleli, a z hloubkových rozhovorů provedených s pracovníky Úřadu práce, kteří jsou v přímém kontaktu s uchazeči o zaměstnání. Poukazujeme na selhání v oblasti poskytování individuálně přizpůsobených aktivačních služeb i v oblasti cílenosti rekvalifikačních programů na znevýhodněné skupiny a rozebíráme přitom faktory, jež za těmito selháními stojí (např. změny řízení ve sféře aktivace, nedostatečné personální zdroje, důraz na donucení a standardizace přímé práce s nezaměstnanými).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1 For this year data on targeting are available.

2 Assessment by an ethical board is not obligatory in the Czech Republic.

3 In addition, it is considerably more challenging and laborious to fulfil the qualitative indicators than the quantitative ones when dealing with complicated job-seekers. This reduces the effort that employment-office workers invest in case work with these clients (see below).

4 The client can choose any course which is not organised by employment office her/him-self and gets reimbursement of the costs of the course.

5 Parental leave in the Czech Republic is extremely long: it, as well as parental benefit, can be provided until the child is 4 years old.

Additional information

Funding

The research informing this paper was funded by the European Social Fund through Operation Programme Employment and Government budget of the Czech Republic under a project Effectiveness and Efficiency of Active Labour Market Policy Measures [grant number PZ/14/122/0006089].

Notes on contributors

Tomáš Sirovátka

Tomáš Sirovátka is Professor of Social Policy, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, and Head of Research Centre, Research Institute for Labour and Social Affairs in Brno. He publishes in international journals, including Journal of European Social Policy, Social Policy and Administration, International Journal of Social Welfare, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, and Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis. He co-edited comparative books on labour market policies The Governance of Active Welfare States in Europe (Palgrave/Macmillan 2011), Effective Interventions for Unemployed Young People in Europe. Social Innovation or Paradigm Shift? (Routledge 2018) and Youth Unemployment and Job Insecurity in Europe: Problems, Risk Factors and Policies (Edward Elgar 2019).

Miroslava Rákoczyová

Miroslava Rákoczyová is a researcher at the Research Institute for Labour and Social Affairs. She holds a Ph.D. in social policy and social work from the Masaryk University Brno. Her current research activities focus on active labour market policies and on methodological issues in relation to collection of ethnically sensitive data. Her previous research topics included social inclusion and integration of immigrants in the Czech Republic.

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