Abstract
Structural modification of insulin results in the generation of insulin analogues that show altered binding affinities to the insulin receptor and/or IGF-I receptor. As a consequence these insulin analogues may have increased mitogenic potency. Nine benign or malignant human mammary epithelial cells, which show different insulin receptor and IGF-I receptor expression patterns, were studied regarding mitogenicity of insulin and insulin analogues. Only insulin glargine showed a significantly higher proliferative effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to regular insulin among a panel of short- or long-acting insulin analogues, that are in clinical use.
Abbreviations | ||
DMEM | = | Dulbecco's modified essential medium |
ER | = | estrogen receptor |
Erk | = | extracellular-signal regulated kinase |
FBS | = | foetal bovine serum |
IGF | = | insulin-like growth factor |
IGF-IR | = | type I IGF receptor |
IR | = | insulin receptor |
IRS-1 | = | insulin receptor substrate-1 |
MAPK | = | mitogen activated protein kinase |
NPH | = | neutral protamine Hagedorn |
PBS | = | phosphate-buffered saline |
PKB | = | protein kinase B |
RHI | = | regular human insulin |
Abbreviations | ||
DMEM | = | Dulbecco's modified essential medium |
ER | = | estrogen receptor |
Erk | = | extracellular-signal regulated kinase |
FBS | = | foetal bovine serum |
IGF | = | insulin-like growth factor |
IGF-IR | = | type I IGF receptor |
IR | = | insulin receptor |
IRS-1 | = | insulin receptor substrate-1 |
MAPK | = | mitogen activated protein kinase |
NPH | = | neutral protamine Hagedorn |
PBS | = | phosphate-buffered saline |
PKB | = | protein kinase B |
RHI | = | regular human insulin |