Zaprinast and avanafil increase the vascular endothelial growth factor, vitamin D₃, bone morphogenic proteins 4 and 7 levels in the kidney tissue of male rats applied the glucocorticoid

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated effect of zaprinast and avanafil on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenic protein (BMP) 4 and 7, and vitamin D₃ levels against the negative effect of dexamethazone.

Method: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6). Control: Empty a syringe was immersed and removed subcutaneously. Dexamethasone (DEX): 120 µg/kg DEX was injected subcutaneously once a day for 28 days. DEX + zaprinast and DEX + avanafil groups: 10 mg/kg zaprinast and avanafil were administrated to rats in addition to the same procedure in the DEX, respectively. VitaminD₃, VEGF, BMP4 and 7 levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and angiogenesis by histopathological/immunohistochemical were evaluated.

Results: BMP4 values in the DEX were lower than the other groups (p < .05). DEX + zaprinast and DEX + avanafil exhibited an increase in all the parameters compared to the control and DEX (p < .05). However, these were not significant for the DEX + zaprinast (p > .05). Also, there was a significant increase in angiogenesis in the DEX + zaprinast and DEX + avanafil.

Conclusion: Zaprinast and significantly avanafil induced vitamin D₃, BMP4 and 7 levels by increasing angiogenesis in renal.

Keywords:

• Angiogenesis
• phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
• dexamethasone
• bone morphogenetic protein
• vitamin D3

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest associated with publication of this article.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by opportunities from the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University.