Association analysis of PPARγ (p.Pro12Ala) polymorphism with type 2 diabetic retinopathy in patients from north India

ABSTRACT

Background: The present study aimed to examine the association of PPARγ (p.Pro12Ala) polymorphism with type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients from north India.

Material and methods: In this case-control association study a total of 1325 subjects (717 DR patients and 608 individuals with confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without retinopathy taken as controls (CDR)), were recruited. Genotyping for PPARγ (p.Pro12Ala) polymorphism was performed by Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays using Real time PCR.

Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the two analyzed groups in the duration of diabetes and random blood glucose levels (p = 0.000 and p = 0.011, respectively). However, genotype and allele frequency distribution of PPARγ (p.Pro12Ala) polymorphism did not differ significantly between DR and CDR groups (p = 0.507 and 0.625, respectively).

Conclusions: These findings suggest no significant association of p.Pro12Ala polymorphism with retinopathy in tested type 2 diabetic retinopathy patients as compared to T2DM individuals take as controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of association analysis of p.Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARγ in DR patients from India.

KEYWORDS:

• Case-control association study
• diabetic retinopathy
• PPARγ
• p.Pro12Ala polymorphism
• real-time PCR
• T2DM

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the patients for their cooperation and providing blood samples for the study. We are also grateful to ophthalmologists at the Dr. Daljit Singh Eye Hospital, Amritsar, for providing ophthalmic and clinical details of DR patients and T2DM individuals taken as controls. Special thanks are due to Dr. Badaruddoza, Associate Professor, Department of Human Genetics, for his help in the statistical analysis of the data.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Funding

This work was in part supported by grant no. BT/IN/German/13/VK/2010 to Vanita Vanita under the framework of Indo-German bilateral cooperation for research, SR/FT/LS-025 sanctioned to Vanita Vanita from DST, India under SERC FAST Track scheme for young scientists and DST-FIST grant no. SR/FST/LSI-449/2010 (C) to the Department of Human Genetics, GNDU.

Additional information

Funding

This work was in part supported by grant no. BT/IN/German/13/VK/2010 to Vanita Vanita under the framework of Indo-German bilateral cooperation for research, SR/FT/LS-025 sanctioned to Vanita Vanita from DST, India under SERC FAST Track scheme for young scientists and DST-FIST grant no. SR/FST/LSI-449/2010 (C) to the Department of Human Genetics, GNDU.