Decision-making quality of younger and older adults in familiar and unfamiliar domains

ABSTRACT

Age-related differences in purchasing decisions were examined as a function of age and familiarity. On each trial, participants received purchasing options which varied in quality but ultimately cost the same amount of money. On half the trials, participants made decisions about items familiar to younger adults and on the other half of the trials, participants made decisions about products familiar to older adults. The participants’ task was to choose the option that provided the best value for the money. We were particularly interested in participants’ performance when inferencing was required to select the optimal option from the two choices. Younger adults outperformed older adults in unfamiliar but not familiar domains. It appeared that both younger and older adults used inferencing and elaborative processing to make the best decision in familiar domains but that only younger adults used inferencing and elaborative processing in unfamiliar domains.

KEYWORDS:

• Cognitive aging
• decision making
• domain familiarity
• inferencing

Acknowledgements

This article is based on a Master's Thesis submitted to University of Alabama by Ernest N. Wayde. We wish to thank two anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.