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ABSTRACT
Studies on aging and hedonic judgment of odors have never been addressed within the empirical frameworks of age-related changes in emotion which state that advancing age is associated with a reduced negativity bias and a less pronounced differentiation between hedonic valence and emotional intensity judgments. Our aim was to examine and extend these age-related effects into the field of odors. Thirty-eight younger adults and 40 older adults were asked to evaluate the hedonic valence, emotional intensity, and familiarity of 50 odors controlled for their pleasantness. Compared to younger adults, older adults rated unpleasant odorants as less unpleasant and showed an increased relationship between hedonic valence and emotional intensity ratings. This yields evidence of reduced negativity bias and emotional dedifferentiation in response to odors. Such data suggest that when faced with odors, older people exhibit a reduction of emotional dimensionality leading them to distort emotional processing in a less negative direction.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Aymeric Nortier for his help in testing the participants.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed here.
Notes
1. Note that the conclusions would be the same with other ways of distributing the odorants into three categories; e.g., by setting other limits for the medium category, or by equalizing the number of odorants in each category. After preliminary analyses, it also appeared that the effects of Age Group on the emotional ratings for the various hedonically valenced odorants were independent of the sex of the participants. Thus, sex was not considered any further.