Mayo's Older African Americans Normative Studies: Norms for Boston Naming Test, Controlled Oral Word Association, Category Fluency, Animal Naming, Token Test, Wrat-3 Reading, Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, and Judgment of Line Orientation

ABSTRACT

Normative data for older African Americans are presented for several clinical neuropsychological measures, including Boston Naming Test, Controlled Oral Word Association, Category Fluency, Token Test, WRAT-3 Reading, Trail Making Test, Stroop Color and Word Test, and Judgment of Line Orientation. Age-adjusted norms were derived from a sample of 309 cognitively normal, community-dwelling individuals, aged 56 through 94, participating in Mayo's Older African Americans Normative Studies (MOAANS). Years of education were modelled on age-scaled scores to derive regression Equations that may be applied for further demographic correction. These data should enhance interpretation of individual test performances and facilitate analysis of neuropsychological profile patterns in older African American patients who present for dementia evaluations.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was supported by Mayo's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (NIA P50 AG16574). The authors wish to sincerely thank the study participants, the staff of the Mary Singleton Senior Citizens Center, Bethel Baptist Church, and the many churches within the African American community of Jacksonville, Florida, for their strong support of our research efforts. We also gratefully acknowledge the staffs of Mayo's ADRC and Clinical Neuropsychology Service for their assistance in test administration, scoring, and data management. We are especially grateful to LaShaune Lawson, Shelia O'Rourke, and Sylvia Stewart, who served as study coordinators for the MOAANS project.

Notes

BNT = Boston Naming Test, WRAT-R = Wide Range Achievement Test—Revised, COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; CERAD = Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, WHICAP = Washington Heights-Inwood-Columbia Aging Project, NSRP = Normative Studies Research Project, VOT = Visual Organization Test, VFD = Visual Form Discrimination, VRT = Visual Retention Test, CPM = Colored Progressive Matrices, PASAT = Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, HEALS = Hillsborough Elderly African American Life Study.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.); JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.); JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO=Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgement of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgement of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.).

Note. JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.); JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Note. BNT = 60-item Boston Naming Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test (3rd ed.); JLO = Benton Judgment of Line Orientation.

Age- and-education corrected MOAANS scaled scores (MSS_A&E) are calculated using the age-corrected scaled score derived from Tables 4–10 (MSS_A) and the number of years of education completed by the patient, using the formula:

where K = A constant for each test, W₁ = A regression-derived weight to be applied to MSS_A obtained from Tables 4–10 and W₂ = A regression-derived weight to be applied to the individual's years of education.