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Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems
Methods, Tools and Applications in Engineering and Related Sciences
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Research Article

Some new fractional corrected Euler-Maclaurin type inequalities for function whose second derivatives are s-convex function

, , , , &
Pages 543-566 | Received 16 Jan 2024, Accepted 09 May 2024, Published online: 20 Jun 2024

ABSTRACT

Fractional integrals and inequalities have gained a lot of attention in recent years. By introducing innovative analytical approaches and applications, and by applying these approaches, numerous forms of inequalities have been examined. In this paper, we establish new identity for the twice differentiable function where the absolute value is convex. By utilizing this identity, numerous Corrected Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities are developed for the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional integral operator. Based on this identity, the Corrected Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for s-convex function are obtained. By employing well-known inequalities such as Hölder’s and Power -Mean, we are introduced several new error bounds and estimates for Corrected Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities. Additionally, special cases of the present results are applied to obtain the previous well-known results.

1. Introduction

Inequalities provide a versatile tool for dealing with uncertain or variable quantities and are integral to many branches of mathematics. This subject has found applications in probability, mathematical economics, game theory, control theory, variational methods, operations research and statistics. They allow mathematicians, scientists, and engineers to reason about relationships, make informed decisions and solve a wide range of problems. Overall, estimation is a powerful tool that complements exact calculations and enhances your problem-solving toolkit. Researchers continue to explore and establish new inequalities and refine existing ones to address emerging challenges and open problems across these fields. The Hermite-Hadamard inequality was established by Charles Hermite and Jacques Hadamard in 1883. This inequality provides a relationship between the values of a convex function on an interval and the average value of the function over that interval. If f:IR is called convex on I for all ϖ1,ϖ2I and λ0,1, then following inequality holds:

fλϖ1+1λϖ2λfϖ1+1λfϖ2.

The Hermite-Hadamard inequality is stated as follows:

fϖ1+ϖ221ϖ2ϖ1ϖ1ϖ2fxdxfϖ1+fϖ22.

If f:[ϖ1,ϖ2]R is a concave function, then the Hermite-Hadamard inequality is satisfied in the reverse direction. Several scholars have established this inequality using different kinds of fractional operators (see these articles (Yang et al. Citation2023; Junjua et al. Citation2024; Alqahtani et al. Citation2024)).

Fractional calculus has gained significant attention and found applications in various fields over the last few decades. The Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative operator is a fundamental concept within the realm of fractional calculus and has played a central role in both pure and applied mathematics. The Caputo-Fabrizio operator is one of the most commonly used definitions of fractional derivatives and has been extensively studied for its theoretical properties and practical applications. Fractional analysis builds upon classical analysis by introducing the concept of fractional derivatives and integrals, which provide a way to describe and model systems with non-integer order dynamics. Many real dynamical systems exhibit behaviours that can be more accurately and effectively characterized using non-integer order dynamic models based on fractional calculus. The ability to examine arbitrary orders of derivatives and integrals through fractional computation empowers us to develop more realistic and effective approaches to understanding and modelling the complex behaviours exhibited by natural systems. One we can investigate various fractional integral inequalities in great detail due to the significance of fractional calculus that is described in this section. Not only Hermite-Hadamard and Simpson type inequalities but also Newton and Euler-Maclaurin type inequalities can be used to determine the boundaries of new formulas.

Park (Citation2013) demonstrated many estimates of Simpson-type inequalities, for the case of differentiable functions whose absolute value at particular powers is preinvex. Hezenci et al. (Citation2021) using the fractional operator established Simpson-type inequalities for twice differentiable mappings. Simpson’s quadrature formula and given application to special means are developed by Dragomir (Citation1999). Budak et. al (Ding et al. Citation2023) have extended the concept of Simpson-type inequalities to the realm of differentiable convex mappings by utilizing the generalized fractional operator. For more information on Simpson-type inequalities, some characteristics of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals, and various fractional integral operators, the reader is referred to these articles (Dragomir Citation2000; Ihsan Butt et al. Citation2022). In all of these years, Thomas Simpson established fundamental methods for numerical integration and estimate of definite integrals that now known as Simpson’s law.

Simpson quadrature formula (simpson’s 1/3) is followed as:

ϖ1ϖ2fxdxϖ2ϖ1fϖ16+46fϖ1+ϖ22+fϖ26.

In Davis and Rabinowitz (Citation1975) Simpson.second formula or Newton-Cotes.quadrature formula (simpson’s 3/8) is followed as:

ϖ1ϖ2fxdxϖ2ϖ1fϖ18+38f2ϖ1+ϖ22+38fϖ1+2ϖ22+fϖ28.

The corresponding dual Simpson’s 3/8 formula.the maclaurin rule based on the maclaurin formula in Davis and Rabinowitz (Citation1975) is followed as:

ϖ1ϖ2fxdxϖ2ϖ138f5ϖ1+ϖ26+28fϖ1+ϖ22+38fϖ1+5ϖ26.

The following estimation known as Simpson’s type inequality is one of many that are connected with specific quadrature laws:

Theorem 1.

(Dragomir Citation2000) Let f:ϖ1,ϖ2R be a four times continuously differentiable mapping on ϖ1,ϖ2 and f4=supxϖ1,ϖ2f4<, then following inequality holds:

fϖ1+fϖ26+23fϖ1+ϖ221ϖ2ϖ1ϖ1ϖ2fxdx12880f4ϖ2ϖ14.

In 1975 Davis and Rabinowitz (Citation1975) obtained the error bounds of dual Simpson’s 3/8 formula is followed as:

Theorem 2.

The assumption that f:ϖ1,ϖ2R be a four times continuously differentiable mapping on ϖ1,ϖ2 and f4=supxϖ1,ϖ2f4<, then following inequality holds:

ϖ2ϖ183f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2fϖ1+ϖ22+3fϖ1+5ϖ261ϖ2ϖ1ϖ1ϖ2fudu7ϖ2ϖ1451840f4.

In Franjic and Pecaric (Citation2005) the Euler-Maclaurin’s are said to be Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s inequalities if it consists of a three-point is followed as:

Theorem 3.

Let f:ϖ1,ϖ2R be a four times continuously differentiable mapping on ϖ1,ϖ2 and f4=supxϖ1,ϖ2f4<, then following inequality holds:

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ261ϖ2ϖ1ϖ1ϖ2fudu2401ϖ2ϖ1428800f4.

Newton-type inequalities are a result of the interaction between numerical integration methods like Simpson’s rule and mathematical analysis. Numerous mathematicians have investigated Newton-type inequalities extensively. For instance, Iftikhar et al. (Citation2020) have established numerous Newton type inequalities using local fractional derivatives. Hezenci and Budak (Citation2023), several Newton type inequalities were demonstrated for the case of differentiable convex functions. Sitthiwirattham et al. (Citation2022) used the application of fractional calculus techniques to extend and establish new inequalities, specifically focusing on Newton type inequalities and bounded variation functions. For further detail on Newton type inequalities including convex differentiable functions, see the references therein (Noor et al. Citation2018; Hezenci et al. Citation2023).

Lj et al (Dedic et al. Citation2003) established inequalities using the Euler-Maclaurin formulas, and the results are utilized to present some error estimates for the case of the Maclaurin quadrature rules. Franjic & Pecaric (Citation2005) introduced Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s formulae that incorporate both function values and first derivative values in open type quadrature formulas. These formulas will be more precise than the ones discovered by Lj et al (Dedic et al. Citation2003). Employing the established inequalities, numerous inequalities are given in the case of various kinds of functions. Dedic et al. (Citation2011) used the Euler-Simpson 3/8 formula to establish various inequalities, which were then applied to derive error estimates for the Simpson 3/8 quadrature rules. Franjic and Pevcaric (Citation2006) have explored the corrected Euler-Simpson’s 3/8 formulae, also known as closed type quadrature formulae. These inequalities will be more precisely calculated than the ones found by Dedic et al. (Citation2011). Using the obtained inequalities, a number of inequalities are provided in the case of various types of functions. See the references therein (Peajcariaac and Tong Citation1992; Franjic et al. Citation2012; Nasir et al. Citation2022; Butt et al. Citation2023) for more information on these kinds of inequalities.

2. Preliminaries

In the year 1994, Hudzik and Maligranda (Citation1994), are introduced the term s-convexity.

Definition 1.

A function f:I0,)R is said to be s-convex function if the inequality holds:

fλϖ1+1λϖ2λsfϖ1+1λsfϖ2,

for all ϖ1,ϖ2I,λ0,1], and some fixed s(0,1].

Definition 2.

(Gorenflo & Mainardi Citation1997) Suppose fLϖ1,ϖ2. The left and right-sided Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of order α>0 defined by:

Iϖ1+αfx=1Γαϖ1xxλα1fλ,x>ϖ1
Iϖ2αfx=1Γαxϖ2λxα1fλ,x<ϖ2,
where Γ. is the gamma function and Iϖ1+0fλ=Iϖ20fλ=fλ.

Definition 3.

(Caputo & Fabrizio Citation2015) Let fH1ϖ1,ϖ2, ϖ1<ϖ2, for all α0,1, where βα>0 is a normalizer satisfying β0=β1=1, then the left and right fractional integrals are defined by:

 ϖ1CFIαfk=1αβαfk+αβαϖ1kfudu
 CFIϖ2αfk=1αβαfk+αβαkϖ2fudu.

Motivated by the ongoing research, the main goal in this article is to establish a identity using the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional integral operator. Based on this identity we have developed the Corrected Euler-Maclaurin type inequality for s-convex function. The Corrected Euler-Maclaurin type equalities are introduced for the cases of twice differentiable functions whose absolute value are convex. By using the famous inequalities like Hölder, Power-mean to obtained the new error estimate for Corrected Euler-Maclaurin type inequality.

3. Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s type inequalities

In this section, Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s inequalities is to establish for twice differentiable functions with the help of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional integrals operator.

Lemma 1.

Suppose f:ϖ1,ϖ2R be a twice differentiable mapping on ϖ1,ϖ2 such that f ′′L1ϖ1,ϖ2, then the following fractional equality is proved:

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
           =ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
       +1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
        +1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
      +561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2.
Where βα>0 is a normalizer function.

Proof.

Let

016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
 +1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
=i=18Ii.

By integration by parts, we have

I1=016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1
(3.1) =λ2+λfλϖ2+1λϖ1ϖ2ϖ10161ϖ2ϖ10162λ+1fλϖ2+1λϖ1=736ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ261ϖ2ϖ10162λ+1fλϖ2+1λϖ1=736ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ2643ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ15ϖ1+ϖ26fudu.(3.1)
(3.2) I2=1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1=λ218λfλϖ2+1λϖ1ϖ2ϖ116121ϖ2ϖ116122λ18fλϖ2+1λϖ1\break=316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ221144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ26\break1ϖ2ϖ116122λ18fλϖ2+1λϖ1=316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ221144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ2678ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+524ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ135ϖ1+ϖ26ϖ1+ϖ22fudu.(3.2)
(3.3) I3=1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1=λ23140λfλϖ2+1λϖ1ϖ2ϖ112561ϖ2ϖ112562λ3140fλϖ2+1λϖ1=7144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26+1180fϖ1+ϖ221ϖ2ϖ112562λ3140fλϖ2+1λϖ1=7144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26+1180fϖ1+ϖ22107120ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+940ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+ϖ22ϖ1+5ϖ26fudu,(3.3)

and

(3.4) I4=561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1λ2λfλϖ2+1λϖ1ϖ2ϖ15611ϖ2ϖ15612λ1fλϖ2+1λϖ1=536ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ261ϖ2ϖ15612λ1fλϖ2+1λϖ1=536ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ261ϖ2ϖ12fϖ2+23ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+5ϖ26ϖ2fudu.(3.4)

Similarly, we obtain

(3.5) I5=016λ+λ2f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2=λ+λ2fλϖ1+1λϖ2ϖ2ϖ1016+1ϖ2ϖ10161+2λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=736ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ10161+2λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=736ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ2643ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ2+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+5ϖ26ϖ2fudu.(3.5)
(3.6)         I6=161218λλ2f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2=18λλ2fλϖ1+1λϖ2ϖ2ϖ11612+1ϖ2ϖ11612182λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ221144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ11612182λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ22+1144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ2678ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+524ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+ϖ22ϖ1+5ϖ26fudu.(3.6)
(3.7) I7=12563140λλ2f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2=3140λλ2fλϖ1+1λϖ2ϖ2ϖ11256+1ϖ2ϖ1125631402λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=7144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ26+1180ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ22+1ϖ2ϖ1125631402λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=7144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ261180ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ22107120ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+940ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+2ϖ2ϖ135ϖ1+ϖ26ϖ1+ϖ22fudu,(3.7)

and

(3.8) I8=561λλ2f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2=λλ2fλϖ1+1λϖ2ϖ2ϖ1561+1ϖ2ϖ156112λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=536ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ156112λfλϖ1+1λϖ2=536ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ261ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+23ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ15ϖ1+ϖ26fudu.(3.8)

Adding the equalities (3.1)-(3.8), we get

i=18Ii=736ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ2643ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1
            +2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ15ϖ1+ϖ26fudu+316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ221144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ26
         78ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+524ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ135ϖ1+ϖ26ϖ1+ϖ22fudu
     +7144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26+1180fϖ1+ϖ22107120ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26
          +940ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+ϖ22ϖ1+5ϖ26fudu+536ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26
1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ2+23ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+5ϖ26ϖ2fudu
   736ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ2643ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26+1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ2
          +2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+5ϖ26ϖ2fudu316ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ22+1144ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+5ϖ26
78ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+524ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+5ϖ26\break+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1+ϖ22ϖ1+5ϖ26fudu
7144ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ261180ϖ2ϖ1fϖ1+ϖ22\break107120ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26
+940ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+ϖ22+2ϖ2ϖ135ϖ1+ϖ26ϖ1+ϖ22fudu\break536ϖ2ϖ1f5ϖ1+ϖ26
1ϖ2ϖ12fϖ1+23ϖ2ϖ12f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2ϖ2ϖ13ϖ15ϖ1+ϖ26fudu.

Thus, we have

(3.9) i=18Ii=120ϖ2ϖ1227f5ϖ1+ϖ26+26fϖ1+ϖ22+27fϖ1+5ϖ264ϖ2ϖ13ϖ1ϖ2fudu.(3.9)

Multiplying the equality (3.9) by ϖ2ϖ134 and subtracting 21αβαfk, we have

i=18Iiϖ2ϖ13421αβαfk\break=27αϖ2ϖ180βαf5ϖ1+ϖ26+26αϖ2ϖ180βαfϖ1+ϖ22+27αϖ2ϖ180βαfϖ1+5ϖ26
βαααβαϖ1kfudu1αβαfk+αβαkϖ2fudu1αβαfk
=27αϖ2ϖ180βαf5ϖ1+ϖ26+26αϖ2ϖ180βαfϖ1+ϖ22+27αϖ2ϖ180βα
βαα ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk.

Thus, we have

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
=ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2.

The proof of Lemma 1 is completed.

4. Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s type inequalities for s-convex function

In this section, we prove the fractional Corrected Euler-Maclaurin’s type inequalities for s-convex function.

Theorem 4.

Under the assumption of Lemma 1. If f ′′ is s-convex function on ϖ1,ϖ2 for some fixed s0,1, then the following fractional inequality holds:

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ124s+1s+2s+3283s×153s37×38+3s11×34+s×43+s×52+s+77×202+s
+34+s×403+s+933+s403×1002+s+31×37+3s11×52+s×123+s+399×202+s
+933+s261×1002+s+1203+ss43+s×54+s1+51+ss2f ′′ϖ1+f ′′ϖ2.

Proof.

By taking the modulus in Lemma 1, since f ′′ is s-convex, we have

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ14
×016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
+561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2
ϖ2ϖ14

×016λ2+λλsf ′′ϖ2+1λsf ′′ϖ1+λsf ′′ϖ1+1λsf ′′ϖ2
+1612λ218λλsf ′′ϖ2+1λsf ′′ϖ1+λsf ′′ϖ1+1λsf ′′ϖ2
+1256λ23140λλsf ′′ϖ2+1λsf ′′ϖ1+λsf ′′ϖ1+1λsf ′′ϖ2
+561λ2λλsf ′′ϖ2+1λsf ′′ϖ1+λsf ′′ϖ1+1λsf ′′ϖ2
ϖ2ϖ124s+1s+2s+3283s×153s37×38+3s11×34+s×43+s×52+s+77×202+s+34+s×403+s+933+s403×1002+s+31×37+3s11×52+s×123+s+399×202+s\break+933+s261×1002+s+1203+ss43+s×54+s1+51+ss2f ′′ϖ1+f ′′ϖ2.

This completes the proof.

Therefore, the following results can be deduced for convexity.

Corollary 1.

If we choose s=1 in Theorem 4, then we get

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
 403157ϖ2ϖ1220736000f ′′ϖ1+f ′′ϖ2.

Applications of the above result can be seen in the following examples with graphs:

Example 1.

Consider f(x)=ex which is s-convex function w1,w20,1],s0,1]. Substituting w1=15 and taking the interval [1/5,1], the corrected Euler Maclaurin-type inequality in Corollary 1 of Theorem 4 becomes

(4.2) 180[27e1+w26+26e1+5w210+27e1+25w230]55w21w1w2etdt403157(1/5w2)220736000[|e1/5|+|ew2|].(4.2)

The left hand side of the above inequality gives error of an approximation of the integral of the function f(x) and the right hand side tells about the error bound. The behaviour of these has been shown graphically in figure (a).

Example 2.

Consider f(x)=sin(x) which is s-convex function w1,w20,1],s0,1]. Substituting w1=15 and taking the interval [1/5,1], the corrected Euler Maclaurin-type inequality in Corollary 1 of Theorem 4 becomes

(4.2) 18027cos1+w26+26cos1+5w210+27cos1+25w23055w21w1w2sin(t)dt403157(1/5w2)220736000[|sin(1/5)|+|sin(w2)|].(4.2)

The left hand side of the above inequality gives error of an approximation of the integral of the function f(x) and the right hand side tells about the error bound. The behaviour of these has been shown graphically in figure (b).

Example 3.

Consider f(x)=x3 which is s-convex function w1,w20,1],s0,1]. Substituting w1=15 and taking the interval [1/5,1], the corrected Euler Maclaurin-type inequality in Corollary 1 of Theorem 4 becomes

(4.3) 180271+w263+261+5w2103+271+25w230355w21w1w2t3dt403157(1/5w2)220736000[|6/5|+|6w2|].(4.3)

The left hand side of the above inequality gives error of an approximation of the integral of the function f(x) and the right hand side tells about the error bound. The behaviour of these has been shown graphically in figure (c).

Example 4.

Consider f(x)=ln(x) which is s-convex function w1,w20,1],s0,1]. Substituting w1=15 and taking the interval [1/5,1], the corrected Euler Maclaurin-type inequality in Corollary 1 of Theorem 4 becomes

(4.4) 18027ln1+w230+26ln1+5w210+27ln1+25w23055w21w1w2ln(t)dt403157(1/5w2)220736000[|1w12|+|1w22|].(4.4)

The left hand side of the above inequality gives error of an approximation of the integral of the function f(x) and the right hand side tells about the error bound. The behaviour of these has been shown graphically in figure (d).

Theorem 5.

Under the assumption of Lemma 1. If f ′′q is s-convex on ϖ1,ϖ2, for some fixed s0,1 and q>1, then the following fractional inequality holds:

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ124016λ2+λp1p×61s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+1651s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+1651s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q+1612λ218λp1p
×61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λp1p×61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q

+561λ2λp1p×1651s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1651s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+61s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q.

Proof.

By using the Lemma 1, with the help of Hölder inequality and s-convexity of f ′′q, we have

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λp1pf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q
+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q+1612λ218λp1p
×f ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λp1pf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q
+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q+561λ2λp1p
×f ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q+f ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q

ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+016λ2+λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1612λ218λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1612λ218λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1256λ23140λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+561λ2λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
561λ2λp1p×λsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
ϖ2ϖ124016λ2+λp1p×61s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+1651s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+1651s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q+1612λ218λp1p
×61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λp1p×61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+61s31+s+51+s1+sf ′′ϖ1q+61s1+31+s1+sf ′′ϖ2q1q
+561λ2λp1p×1651s1+sf ′′ϖ2q+61s1+sf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1651s1+s|f′′ϖ1|q+61s1+sf′′ϖ2|q1q.

This completes the proof.

Corollary 2.

If we choose s=1 in Theorem 5, then we get

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λp1p+561λ2λp1p
×11f ′′ϖ1q+f ′′ϖ2q721q+f ′′ϖ1q+11f ′′ϖ2q721q
+1612λ218λp1p+1256λ23140λp1p
×2f ′′ϖ1q+f ′′ϖ2q91q+f ′′ϖ1q+2f ′′ϖ2q91q.

Remark 1. If we choose α=1 and β0=β1=1 in Corollary 2, then we obtain the inequality which was proved by Hezenci in [(Hezenci Citation2023), Theorem 5].

Theorem 6.

Under the asspumption of Lemma 1. If f ′′q is s-convex on ϖ1,ϖ2, for some fixed s0,1 and q1, then the following fractional inequality holds:

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ14532411qD5f ′′ϖ2q+D1D5f ′′ϖ1q1q
+D5f ′′ϖ1q+D1D5f ′′ϖ2q1q
+1764811qD6f ′′ϖ2q+D2D6f ′′ϖ1q1q
+D6f ′′ϖ1q+D2D6f ′′ϖ2q1q
+123157518400011qD7f ′′ϖ2q+D3D7f ′′ϖ1q1q
+D7f ′′ϖ1q+D3D7f ′′ϖ2q1q

+18111qD8f ′′ϖ2q+D4D8f ′′ϖ1q1q
+D8f ′′ϖ1q+D4D8f ′′ϖ2q1q,

where

D1=016λ2+λ=5324,D2=1612λ218λ=17648
D3=1256λ23140λ=1231575184000,D4=561λ2λ=181
D5=016λ2+λλs=63s20+7s6+5s+s2,
D6=1612λ218λλs=25s×33s1+5×33+ss+34+sss+2s+3
D7=1256λ23140λλs=1s+2s+333s×4032s79×24+5s×54+3s53×24+5s×33+s
×251+s+21+3s×5s×933+s+7×24+5s×54+3ss11×24+5s×34+s×251+ss
D8=561λ2λλs=5s×63s200+5s×63+s25ss+2s+3.

Proof.

By using the Lemma 1, with the help of power-mean inequality and s-convexity of f ′′q, we have

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λ11q×016λ2+λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q
+016λ2+λf ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q+1612λ218λ11q
×1612λ218λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q+1612λ218λf ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λ11q1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q
+1256λ23140λf ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q+561λ2λ11q
×561λ2λf ′′λϖ2+1λϖ1q1q+561λ2λf ′′λϖ1+1λϖ2q1q

ϖ2ϖ14016λ2+λ11q×016λ2+λλsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+016λ2+λλsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1612λ218λ11q×1612λ218λλsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1612λ218λλsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+1256λ23140λ11q×1256λ23140λλsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+1256λ23140λλsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q
+561λ2λ11q×561λ2λλsf ′′ϖ2q+1λsf ′′ϖ1q1q
+561λ2λλsf ′′ϖ1q+1λsf ′′ϖ2q1q.

Finally, we obtain the desired result of Theorem 6.

Corollary 3.

If we choose s=1 in Theorem 6, then we get

2780f5ϖ1+ϖ26+2680fϖ1+ϖ22+2780fϖ1+5ϖ26
βααϖ2ϖ1 ϖ1CFIαfk+ CFIϖ2αfk+21αβαfk
ϖ2ϖ123245 11q4×9f ′′ϖ2q+71f ′′ϖ1q161q+9f ′′ϖ1q+71f ′′ϖ2q161q
+17 11q8×27f ′′ϖ2q+41f ′′ϖ1q41q+27f ′′ϖ1q+41f ′′ϖ2q41q
+123157 11q64000×6023067f ′′ϖ2q+3829493f ′′ϖ1q801q
+6023067f ′′ϖ1q+3829493f ′′ϖ2q801q
+57f ′′ϖ2q+7f ′′ϖ1q641q+57f ′′ϖ1q+7f ′′ϖ2q641q.

Remark 2. If we choose α=1 and β0=β1=1 in Corollary 3, then we have obtained the inequality, which was proved by Hezenci in [(Hezenci Citation2023), Corollary 2].

5. Conclusion

In this article, we established an identity for the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional integral operator. By employing this identity, Corrected Euler-Maclaurin type inequality for s-convex function is introduced. By using the well-known inequalities such as Hölder’s, and Power-mean, we obtained new error bounds and estimates for Corrected Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities. In addition, based on this identity, we observed that previous famous results become special case of our obtained results. Several Corrected Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities are presented for the case of twice differentiable functions whose absolute value are convex. In future works, researchers can obtain likewise inequalities of Corrected Euler-Maclaurin type inequalities via conformable fractional integrals for convex functions in the context of quantum calculus. Moreover, curious readers can investigate our obtained inequalities for different kinds of fractional integrals.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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