Preparation and characterisation of a triazine structure charring agent and its application in polypropylene

ABSTRACT

A triazine long chain charring agent (TCA) was synthesised using cyanuric chloride, morpholine and anhydrous piperazine.  The synthesised TCA was compounded with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to obtain an intumescent flame retardant (IFR). When the TCA content in the IFR was 35 wt% to 45 wt%, the IFR had good expansion properties. Then, different proportions of IFR were incorporated into polypropylene (PP) to prepare flame retardant PP composites, and the flame retardancy, thermal degradation behaviour and flammability behaviour for PP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94) and cone calorimeter test. When 20 wt% of IFR (With TCA 35 wt%) were added into the PP matrix, the composite achieved a V-0 rating for the UL-94 test and its LOI value was increased to 28.8%. Compared with neat PP, peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreased from 827.30(KW·m⁻²) and 120.48(MJ·m⁻²) to 210.50(KW·m⁻²) and 75.08(MJ·m⁻²).

KEYWORDS:

• Intumescent flame retardant
• triazine
• charring agent
• polypropylene
• composites

Acknowledgments

We are grateful for funding supported by the Tangshan Science and Technology Research and Development program (19130226 g) and Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department (ZD2022070).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The work was supported by the Tangshan Science and Technology Research and Development program [19130226 g]; Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department [ZD2022070]; Tangshan Science and Technology Research [19130226 g].

Notes on contributors

Qiong Yao

Qiong Yao received the B.Sc. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from North China University of Technology, China. She is now a postgraduate of materials engineering at North China University of Science and Technology, China. Her research interest is the preparation and performance of biomass flame retardant.

Shouwu Yu

Shouwu Yu received Ph.D. from Tianjin Polytechnic University, China, in 2018. He is now an associate professor at the school of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology. His research interests cover MOF adsorption separation and membrane separation research work. He presided over and participated in more than 10 scientific and technological projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, and the Hebei Provincial Department of Education.