The meanings of physical appearance in patients seeking bariatric surgery

Abstract

This study highlighted various meanings of physical appearance in obese individuals seeking bariatric surgery. Fourteen US adult patients participated in an in-depth, semi-structured interview that took 45 minutes to 2 hours. Data were transcribed verbatim and transferred into NVivo 10. A coding scheme was developed based on the themes inferred from content analysis. To increase the trustworthiness of data, this study adopted probing and external auditing methods. The interview data discovered values and significances of physical appearance in preoperative bariatric patients, including the signals of obesity stigma in the forms of direct, indirect, and environment, a visible tool to manage the negative social image towards obesity, and an aspirational pathway to a stigma-free life following post-surgical weight loss. The roles of clothing were also examined in the social negotiation processes through appearance management. Taken together, findings of this study contribute to understanding of the patients’ negative quality of life that accrue from weight-related social stigmatization and their negotiation strategies, through the lens of physical appearance. Additionally, findings suggest important implications for practice. Study limitations and future research were also discussed.

Keywords:

• obesity
• stigma
• appearance
• weight loss
• surgery

Acknowledgments

The author acknowledges Lynelle Diede, MSN, RN, C.B.N. and Michelle Carpenter, R.N., C.B.N. at the Bariatric Center of the Rockies for their collaboration in recruiting study participants. The author also thanks to Kiri Langseth-Schmidt and Joan Walker for their assistance in auditing the interview data.