Feasibility of omega bench grafting in guava tree (Psidium guajava L.) propagated via herbaceous stem cutting

ABSTRACT

Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann is a limiting factor in guava tree (Psidium guajava L.) production around the world. An alternative to address this problem is the use of resistant root-knot nematode rootstocks. However, the guava nursery system which is based on herbaceous stem cutting propagation needs to be modified as a rootstock produced via cutting must be grafted with nematode susceptible commercial cultivars. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of omega bench grafting in guava tree propagated by herbaceous stem cutting. Root-knot nematode tolerant ‘Tailandesa’ herbaceous stem cuttings was used as rootstock and ‘Paluma’ and ‘Pedro Sato’ as commercial cultivar grafts. It was observed 100% rooting, cutting survival, and leaf retention on rootstocks grafted with ‘Paluma’ and ‘Pedro Sato’. However, grafting take was not successful as the tissues presented fast oxidation, dehydration and graft death in both commercial cultivars. However, the immersion of the grafts into a solution containing 2.0% citric acid and 1.0% ascorbic acid controlled the oxidation process and resulted in 28.6% and 37.5% successful grafting in the combinations ‘Paluma’/‘Tailandesa’ and ‘Pedro Sato’/’Tailandesa’, respectively.

KEYWORDS:

• Rootstock
• root-knot nematode
• Meloidogyne mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann
• Psidium guajava L.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC) for the scholarship of the first author.

The authors also thank Mr. José Mauro da Silva for supplying the plant material and allowing us to set up the experiments in his nursery.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC).