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Articles

Placing community through actor-network theory in Oklahoma's ‘No Man's Land’

Retrouver la communauté à travers la théorie de l'acteur-réseau dans le « no man's land » de l'Oklahoma

Ubicando Comunidad a través la Teoría del Actor-Red en ‘La Tierra de Nadie’ de Oklahoma

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Pages 915-936 | Published online: 09 Oct 2012
 

Abstract

Residents in sparsely populated Cimarron County, located at the end of Oklahoma's Panhandle in ‘No Man's Land,’ possess a strong sense of independence, yet also a strong sense of community. Building upon community research and applying an actor-network approach, we argue that the ‘materiality’ of meanings associated with and attachment to the cultural landscape play a significant role in how and why people construct community here. We assert that threats to a loss of a way of life and loss of life are corollaries to finite existence, which together impel residents to rely on community in order to cope with living in ‘No Man's Land’. Using oral histories, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation, we show that community is embedded in the cultural landscape in specific ways and practiced, sometimes simultaneously, as both a unified collective body and a group of interconnected individuals.

Des résidents de la région peu peuplée du comté Cimarron dans la panhandle de l'Oklahoma possèdent un sentiment fort d'indépendance mais aussi un sentiment fort de communauté. A la base de la recherche dans la communauté que nous interprétons dans le cadre de la théorie de l'acteur-réseau, nous affirmons que la matérialité des significations du paysage culturel ainsi que l'attachement à ce paysage aident de façon importante à comprendre pourquoi et comment les gens construisent leur communauté ici. Nous soutenons que les menaces à une mode de vie et la perte de vie sont les corollaires à l'existence finie et que par conséquence les résidents comptent sur la communauté pour supporter leur vie dans le No Man's Land. Au final nous démontrons, avec les histoires orales, les entretiens semi directifs, et l'ethnographie, que la communauté se trouve enfoncée dans le paysage culturel de façon spécifique et qu'elle se voit vécue tantôt comme entité unifiée, tantôt comme groupe de individus étroitement liés.

Residentes del condado muy poco poblada de Cimarron, ubicado en el final de la lengua de terreno de Oklahoma llamado ‘La Tierra de Nadie’, posean un fuerte sentido de independencia, pero también un fuerte sentido de comunidad. Partiendo de investigaciones de comunidad y aplicando un enfoque de teoría del actor-red, discutimos que la materialidad de significados asociados con el paisaje cultural toman un rollo importante en cómo y porqué la gente construye comunidad acá. Afirmamos que las amenazas a la pérdida de una manera de vivir y la pérdida de vida son corolarios a una existencia finita, cuales juntos impulsan a los residentes depender en la comunidad para sobrellevar con vivir en La Tierra de Nadie. Utilizando historias orales, entrevistas semi-estructurados y observación participante, mostramos que la comunidad está incrustado en el paisaje cultural en formas especificas y practicado, a veces simultáneamente, como ambos un cuerpo unificado colectivamente y un grupo de individuos interconectados.

Acknowledgements

Oklahoma State University's College of Arts and Sciences generously funded this research. We are appreciative of Jennifer Paustenbaugh and Misty Smith for inviting us to participate in the Oklahoma Oral History Project at OSU, and Mike Larson for his cartographic expertise. This paper greatly benefited from audience and participant discussions at The Placing Community sessions of the AAG/Seattle. We thank the four anonymous reviewers for their informative critiques and helpful suggestions. Finally, we are grateful to the people of Cimarron County for telling us their stories.

Notes

1. All quotations are taken from the oral histories and interviews (see ‘Methods’). Because of the sensitive nature of the research, they are presented anonymously. Pseudonyms replace names in quotes.

2. The Fellowship of Christian Farmers and Willie Nelson/Farm Aid, however, did provide aid.

3. In the last decade, the USA has created state and federal incentives to increase feedstock for ethanol production. The aim of increased ethanol production is to lower green house gas emissions and to reduce foreign energy dependence (McGee and Chan Hilton Citation2011; Solomon, Barnes, and Halvorsen Citation2007).

4. Of course, these actants' constitution may be explored through actor-networks. As Bingham (Citation2009) explains, however, rarely can we begin with a clean slate in an ANT approach.

5. A combine is a harvesting machine for cutting and removing grain from the plant.

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