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Article

Learning to labor in high-technology: experiences of overwork in university internships at digital media firms in North America

Aprender a trabajar en alta tecnología: experiencias de exceso de trabajo en pasantías universitarias en empresas de medios digitales en América del Norte

Un apprentissage du labeur au sein de la haute technologie: les expériences de surmenage de stagiaires universitaires dans les entreprises de communication numérique en Amérique du Nord

Pages 559-577 | Received 17 Sep 2019, Accepted 27 Apr 2020, Published online: 04 Jun 2020
 

ABSTRACT

Long working hours have become a normal and expected characteristic of employment in many sectors in the Global North. In this paper I examine subjective and affective experiences of overwork that define students’ discussions of internships pursued as mandatary aspects of cooperative undergraduate degree programmes. I interviewed current and former students at the University of Waterloo who completed internships at digital media firms, the majority of whom experienced overwork at these firms. Internships are settings in which young people’s expectations of employment begin to solidify, while digital media jobs are often considered particularly desirable – evidence of successful employment at the apex of a globalized and competitive labor market. I argue that exploring experiences of overwork shows how and why overwork has been and continues to be normalized, while radical alternatives to overwork (e.g., work refusal and anti-work politics) become hard to imagine and enact.

Resumen

Las largas jornadas laborales se han convertido en una característica normal y esperada del empleo en muchos sectores del Norte Global. En este artículo examino las experiencias subjetivas y afectivas de exceso de trabajo que definen las discusiones de los estudiantes sobre pasantías llevadas a cabo como aspectos obligatorios de los programas cooperativos de licenciatura. Entrevisté a estudiantes actuales y anteriores en la Universidad de Waterloo que completaron pasantías en empresas de medios digitales, la mayoría de los cuales experimentaron un exceso de trabajo en estos lugares. Las pasantías son entornos en los que las expectativas de empleo de los jóvenes comienzan a solidificarse, mientras que los trabajos en medios digitales a menudo se consideran particularmente deseables -evidencia de empleo exitoso en la cúspide de un mercado laboral globalizado y competitivo. Sostengo que explorar experiencias de exceso de trabajo muestra cómo y por qué el exceso de trabajo se ha normalizado y continúa normalizándose, mientras que las alternativas radicales al exceso de trabajo (por ejemplo, la negativa al trabajo y la política anti-trabajo) se vuelven difíciles de imaginar y poner en práctica.

Résumé

Les longs horaires de travail sont maintenant un aspect normal et prévisible de l’emploi pour beaucoup de secteurs dans les pays du Nord. Dans cette communication, j’examine les expériences subjectives et affectives du surmenage qui définissent les conversations avec les étudiants relatives aux stages obligatoires des programmes coopératifs d’études supérieures. J’ai parlé avec des élèves et d’anciens élèves de l’université de Waterloo qui avaient tous faits des stages dans des entreprises de communication numérique. La majorité d’entre eux y avaient été confrontés au surmenage. Les stages sont des situations dans lesquelles les espoirs d’emploi des jeunes commencent à prendre corps et on perçoit fréquemment les postes dans la communication numérique comme particulièrement séduisants, la preuve d’un succès en termes d’emploi à l’apogée d’un marché du travail mondialisé et compétitif. Je soutiens que l’exploration d’expériences de surmenage expose la façon et la manière dont ce dernier a été normalisé, et continue à l’être, pendant que d’autres solutions qui y sont radicalement opposées, telles que le refus de tâches ou la politique anti-travail, deviennent difficiles à concevoir et à adopter.

Acknowledgments

I acknowledge here the financial support of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, which supported this project through their Insight Development program. I would like to thank David Bissell and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable insight and thorough reading of this paper. I would also like to sincerely thank Jennifer Chen who worked as a research assistant for this project. Her critical questions and thoughtful inquiry contributed significantly to this project and to the writing presented here.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Notes

1. Overwork is prevalent in other working contexts (e.g., in social reproduction and informal work), historical periods, and in other parts of the world too; I do not seek to make claims about working, temporal, and geographical contexts beyond those of the study site.

2. The absence of integration is not the case in all geographical contexts, though I have identified it both in my specific empirical case and in the literature.

3. Defining ‘startup’ is epistemologically and methodologically complex and varies significantly by economic region (Cockayne, Citation2019).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada [430-2017-00141].

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