https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0718-6915
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ABSTRACT
Background
In a review of Iranian studies, no studies have yet to explore a relationship between substance use disorders (SUDs), depression and/or PTSD. In this paper, we report whether the Iranian women and men with SUDs exhibit differences in PTSD and depression.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed on 600 SUDs patients in treatment. Assessments included socio demographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory II, and the PTSD Checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive, chi-square (χ2) and logistic regression analysis.
Results
PTSD was 61.5% in the study population. The mean PTSD score was 47.92 ± 12.07 for all men and women. The participants revealed mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms 19.7%, 24.3%, and 32.3%, respectively. Women were more likely than men to be diagnosed with PTSD (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.82, 95%CI: 1.19, 2.80) and depression (AOR =1.65, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.77). In addition, marital status and job status were significantly associated with depression and PTSD.
Conclusions
This study shows remarkably higher prevalence of PTSD and depression in drug using women than their male counterparts. The results illustrate a number of gender differences that may shed light on etiologic models of co-morbid SUDs, PTSD, and depression.
Acknowledgments
We specially thank the participants who shared their information with us. Dr Korte’s effort on this project was supported, in part, by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Grant Number UL1 TR001450. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).