The development and validation of smoking scale

ABSTRACT

Background

Smoking is one of the most dangerous types of addiction in terms of prevalence, morbidity, and mortality due to its nicotine content. For this reason, using a reliable and valid measurement tool is critical to identify and assess the level of smoking accurately.

Objective

The current study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Smoking Scale (SS) used in Turkey and to determine the psychometric properties of this scale.

Methods

Therefore, the present study consisted of two stages, each of which was conducted with different participants, and a total of 991 participants, both smokers and non-smokers, were included in the sample.

Results

The results obtained from the SS were found to be valid and reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = .91). The model fit indices obtained by confirmatory factor analysis were found to be within acceptable limits. It was also found that there was a positive and statistically significant relationship between smoking and depression, openness, impulses, and emotion regulation strategies.

Conclusions

These findings are believed to contribute to future smoking studies, especially in determining the level of addiction.

KEYWORDS:

• Smoking
• smoking scale
• smoking addiction

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Ethical statement consisting ethical approval statement

Ethical committee approval was obtained from Aydın Adnan Menderes University (date: March 30 2021, decision number: E-31906847/050.04.04-08-105).

Informed consent

After being invited to take part in the study, participants were informed about the study and the fact that the study was only conducted with volunteers.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2024.2389264

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.