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commentary

Football and COVID-19: the effects of the pandemic on training and performance of South American and Brazilian referees

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Pages 58-65 | Published online: 13 Oct 2020
 

ABSTRACT

The effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the most diverse areas of society, including sport. During the quarantine period, there were several movements to confront the pandemic, which included advances, setbacks and attempts to resume daily activities and sports. In the sports scene, we observed the suspension, postponement or cancellation of the most important international level competitions; football and those involved in it were aware of this process. Considering this, we seek to present the training and maintenance of the activities of football referees during quarantine, projecting a future scenario by fostering debates about what might be the possible changes in the preparation and performance of these officials in South America and, specifically, in Brazil, after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Academic Publishing Advisory Center (Centro de Assessoria de Publicação Acadêmica, CAPA – www.capa.ufpr.br) of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) for assistance with English language translation and editing.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1. WHO, ‘WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19ʹ, https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19—11-march-2020 (accessed 2 June 2020).

2. Parnell et al., “Football Worlds.”

3. Ludvigsen and Hayton, “Toward COVID-19 secure events”; and Parnel et al., “Football Worlds”, 2.

5. It is worth highlighting the volatility of the data presented on a daily basis which constantly changes this scenario.

6. Latin America Business Stories, “South America has become the new epicentre of COVID-19, says WHO”, https://labs.ebanx.com/en/news/society/south-america-has-become-the-new-epicentre-of-covid-19/(accessed 10 June 2020).

7. Burki, “COVID-19 in Latin America”; and Scott Greer et al., “The comparative politics of COVID-19ʹ, 1414–5.

8. Sousa, “Um olhar para os árbitros de futebol”, 121–9.

9. Webb, “The future of officiating”.

10. The main club championships in South America are CONMEBOL Libertadores and CONMEBOL Sudamericana. In Brazil, the main competition is Campeonato Brasileiro – Séries A, B, C and D, along with Copa do Brasil, there is also the state championships that take place at the beginning of the year and that were interrupted because of the pandemic in March. Editorial, “Coronavírus no esporte: os eventos que já foram afetados pela pandemia”, Veja, https://veja.abril.com.br/esporte/coronavirus-no-esporte-os-eventos-que-ja-foram-afetados-pela-pandemia/(accessed 1 August 2020).

11. Webb, “The future of officiating”, 2–8.

12. Burki, “COVID-19 in Latin America”, 547.

13. WHO, “Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard”, https://covid19.who.int/(accessed 15 July 2020).

14. IFAB, “Circular no. 19 – Temporary amendment to law 03ʹ, https://img.fifa.com/image/upload/h8hiqftyr8d9nrwdltru.pdf (accessed 20 July 2020).

15. IFAB, “Temporary amendment to law 03 – continuation”, https://static-3eb8.kxcdn.com/documents/843/113921_080520_IFAB_Circular_19_2020_EN.pdf.

16. CONMEBOL, “La Libertadores y la Sudamericana ya tiene fecha”, http://www.conmebol.com/es/la-libertadores-y-la-sudamericana-ya-tienen-fecha (accessed 11 July 2020).

17. CONMEBOL, “Ajustes en los Reglamentos de CONMEBOL Libertadores y Sudamericana 2020ʹ, http://www.conmebol.com/pt-br/node/441715 (accessed 3 July 2020).

18. CONMEBOL, “Alejandro Domínguez: “Com a casa em ordem e finanças sólidas enfrentaremos esta pandemia”, http://www.conmebol.com/pt-br/alejandro-dominguez-com-casa-em-ordem-e-financas-solidas-enfrentaremos-esta-pandemia (accessed 15 July 2020).

19. CONMEBOL, “Protocolo de operaciones para la reanudación de las competiciones de clubes de la CONMEBOL”, 2020.

20. FIFA, “FIFA to offer online courses to referees”, https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/news/fifa-to-offer-online-courses-to-referees (accessed 17 July 2020).

21. CONMEBOL, “Comisión de Árbitros sigue por el camino de la capacitación”, http://www.conmebol.com/es/comision-de-arbitros-sigue-por-el-camino-de-la-capacitacion (accessed 11 July 2020).

22. CONMEBOL, “Alejandro Domínguez: “Com a casa em ordem e finanças sólidas enfrentaremos esta pandemia”’.

23. CONMEBOL, “CONMEBOL refuerza ayuda económica a Associaciones Miembro”, http://www.conmebol.com/es/conmebol-refuerza-ayuda-economica-asociaciones-miembro (accessed 25 July 2020).

24. Candido et al., “Routes for COVID-19 importation in Brazil”, 1–2.

25. CBF. Brazilian Refereeing Return Protocol. Rio de Janeiro: CBF, 2020.

26. CBF, “Medical Guide to protective suggestion for returning to Brazilian football activities”, https://conteudo.cbf.com.br/cdn/202006/20200610151650_484.pdf (accessed 1 July 2020).

28. CBF, “Relação de árbitros”, https://www.cbf.com.br/a-cbf/arbitragem/relacao-arbitros.

29. Scheffler, Árbitros de Futebol: aspectos jurídicos.

30. Estadão, “Sem futebol, árbitros recorrem ao auxílio emergencial do governo para sobreviver”, https://esportes.estadao.com.br/noticias/futebol,sem-futebol-arbitros-recorrem-ao-auxilio-emergencial-do-governo-para-sobreviver,70003305201 (accessed 5 June 2020).

31. CBF, “Webinar CBF social: Psicologia no futebol em tempos de pandemia”, https://www.cbf.com.br/cbf-tv/webinar-cbf-social-psicologia-no-futebol-em-tempos-de-pandemia-huma (accessed 3 June 2020).

32. CBF, “CBF antecipa terceira parcela de apoio aos árbitros e transforma antecipações em doação”, https://www.cbf.com.br/a-cbf/informes/index/cbf-libera-terceira-parcela-de-apoio-aos-arbitros-e-transforma-antecip (accessed 10 June 2020).

33. Video tests are evaluations in which the referee analyzes a selected video and defines what decisions they would make, whether there was a foul or not, which card would apply, among other types of bids, placing himself in the position of the referee on the field.

34. Sousa, “Um olhar para os árbitros de futebol”.

35. Armenteros et al, “The training of soccer assistant referees beyond on-field experience”.

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