ABSTRACT
This paper takes as its starting point the multidirectionality and multi-sitedness of change triggered by migration, especially in relation to gender and migrant precarity. More specifically, it interrogates four strands of the gendered migration debate related to marriage migration: various forms of precarity faced by migrant women and their implications in socio-economic and legal terms; changes to family patterns and social reproduction connected to marriage migration; social policies in origin and destination countries and their relevance to women’s unpaid care work duties; and the productive and reproductive functions involved in the creation of a precarity that leads to, and results, from marriage migration. It points to remaining gaps in knowledge and offers ideas for future lines of inquiry into marriage migration in general and in the context of Asia specifically.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the two anonymous referees for their constructive and useful comments on an earlier version of this paper, as well as Bob Shepherd for his support and assistance throughout the preparation of this special issue and this particular paper.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Notes on the contributors
Nicola Piper is Professor of International Migration and Director of the Sydney Asia Pacific Migration Centre. As a political sociologist, her interests have centered upon migrant rights activism and advocacy politics, including from a gender perspectives. Among her recent publications are “Democratising Migration from the Bottom Up: The Rise of the Global Migrant Rights Mmovement” in Globalizations (2015) and (with Denise Spitzer) “Retrenched and Returned: Filipino Migrant Workers During Times of Crisis” in Sociology (2014). She has also co-edited, with Katja Hujo, South-South Migration: Implications for Social Policy and Development (2010) and edited New Perspectives on Gender and Migration – Rights, Entitlements and Livelihoods (Routledge, 2008).
Sohoon Lee is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Sociology and Social Policy at the University of Sydney. Her dissertation research is on migrant women in South Korea. She has written policy reports for UN Women and the Friedrich Ebert Foundation, worked for the Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development, and currently leads the Korean Working Holiday Youth Group (KOWHY) in Sydney.
Notes
5 See Preface to this Special Issue, Chinsung Chung, Keuntae Kim, and Nicola Piper, “Marriage Migration in Southeast and East Asia Revisited through a Migration-Development-Nexus Lens.”
10 The two additional papers included in this issue are by Daniele Belanger (“Marriage Migration, Single Men and Social Reproduction in Migrant Communities of Origin in Vietnam”), and Sara Friedman (“Revaluing Marital Immigrants: Educated Professionalism and Precariousness among Chinese Spouses in Taiwan”). Three additional papers will appear in Critical Asian Studies 49:1 (March 2016).
16 An exception is the literature on social remittances which is by tendency more gendered and sophisticated in both conceptual and empirical terms. See Kunz Citation2011 or Goldring Citation2004. Yet, this rarely enters into mainstream policy debates on migration and development.
19 The number of men from South Asia who marry Japanese women, for instance, is rather small in comparison.
29 The demand for migrant women care providers signifies a crisis of care in destination countries; by leaving in fairly large numbers, migrant women leave a care gap behind at home.
44 We use “new” in the sense of marriage migrants moving away from their own families back home. This is hence about family formation.
82 The pressure they are under should be explored from a mental health point of view in light of the social and psychological costs of mobility being understudied. See, for example, Pécoud Citation2015.
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Funding
We would like to acknowledge the generous funding provided by the School of Social and Political Sciences, The University of Sydney, and the National Research Foundation of Korea under its international cooperation program [grant number NRF-2014K2A1A20548840], as well as funding provided for the publication stage by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council's Partnership Grant no. 895-2012-1021 (“Gender, Migration, and the Work of Care”).
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