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Notes
1 Xinhua Citation2020. He also said that political and ideological education needed to be strengthened in Tibet's schools in order to "plant the seeds of loving China in the depths of the hearts of every youth." See Reuters Citation2020.
2 After seventy years of PRC rule, the failures of state ethnic policies are most obvious in Xinjiang where the government seems to have abandoned any efforts at winning the allegiance of the Uyghur population and has embarked on a campaign that looks a lot like forced assimilation.
3 As does the foremost Tibetologist, Melvyn C. Goldstein Citation2007, Citation2013, Citation2019.
4 Brandt, Schwartz, and Fairbank Citation1952, 127–140.
5 See Rohlf Citation2016. This migration program into Qinghai was abandoned by 1961 in failure.
6 Later on (and beyond the scope of this study) the Cultural Revolution and policy changes in the mid 1990s that favored economic interests over cultural traditions in minority regions would further alienate many ethnic minorities against Han Chinese rule.