Reflections upon the Officer and Commander

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Notes

A more accurate translation of the title should have been “A Friendly Conversation with the Officer and Commander.”

Edward J. Erickson, Ottoman Army Effectiveness in World War I: A Comparative Study (London: Routledge, 2007), p. 8.

Hew Strachan, The First World War, Vol. 1, To Arms (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 206.

Hew Strachan, The First World War (London: Pocket Books, 2006), pp. 104–105.

Mesut Uyar and Edward J. Erickson, A Military History of the Ottomans from Osman to Atatürk (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2009), pp. 240–242.

Handan Nezir Akmeşe, The Birth of Modern Turkey: The Ottoman Military and the March to World War I (London: Tauris, 2005), pp. 21–22.

Mustafa Aksakal, The Ottoman Road to War in 1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), p. 33.