Emerging drugs for focal epilepsy

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most serious neurological conditions, affecting almost 50 million people around the world. Despite more than 20 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) available, seizures are still uncontrolled in one third of patients.

Areas covered: The present paper reviews current compounds in preclinical and clinical development for the treatment of focal epilepsies and new potential molecular targets recently identified.

Expert opinion: 1OP-2198, Cannabidavirin, Everolimus, FV-082, Ganaxolone, Minocycline, NAX 810–2, Padsevonil and Selurampanel seem to be particularly promising in focal epilepsy. Some of them, Everolimus and Ganaxolone, are already completing Phase III development while others are still at a preclinical stage. Everolimus represents the first example of precision-medicine in epilepsy and the first generation of disease-modifying agents but data on long-term safety are needed. Among AEDs in Phase II development, Cannabidavirin, Padsevonil and Selurampanel may represent a promising fourth generation of compounds for focal epilepsies if they successfully proceed to subsequent stages. Data on general tolerability, effects of cognition and behavior as well as the potential for interactions in polytherapy will be key element for the success or decline of these drugs.

KEYWORDS:

• Epilepsy
• antiepileptic drugs
• 1OP-2198
• Cannabidavirin
• everolimus
• FV-082
• Ganaxolone
• minocycline
• NAX 810-2
• Padsevonil
• Selurampanel

Declaration of interest

The author did not receive any compensation for the present paper. In the past, and not related to the present paper, the author has received consultancy fees from Eisai, UCB, Bial and Elsevier. The author has also intellectual property rights with Springer. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Reviewer Disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.