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ABSTRACT
Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of small single-stranded noncoding RNAs with diverse biological functions. As a prototypical hypoxamir, human microRNA-210 (hsa-miR-210) is one of the most widely studied miRNAs thus far. In addition to its involvement in sophisticated regulation of numerous biological processes, miR-210 has also been shown to be associated with the development of different human diseases including various types of cancers, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and immunological diseases. Given its multi-faceted functions, miR-210 may serve as a novel and promising theranostic target for prevention and treatment of diseases.
Areas covered: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of miR-210, the regulation of its expression, biological functions and molecular mechanisms, with particular emphasis on its diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
Expert opinion: Although the exact roles of miR-210 in various diseases have not been fully clarified, targeting miR-210 may be a promising therapeutic strategy. Further investigations are also needed to facilitate therapeutic-clinical applications of miR-210 in human diseases.
Article highlights
miRNAs perform diverse biological functions primarily by post-transcriptionally silencing target genes.
The capacity to regulate a wealth of target mRNAs enables miR-210 to control a signaling network involved in multiple biological processes.
There seems to be a general consensus that dysregulation of miR-210 expression plays a pivotal and causal role in numerous human diseases.
miR-210, especially circulating miR-210, may represent a viable diagnostic biomarker for early detection or differential diagnosis of various diseases while this miRNA also shows promise as a prognostic factor. However its specific role may vary depending on the physio-pathological context.
miR-210 has the potential to be a promising therapeutic target, despite its limitations.
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Declaration of interest
The author has no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.