Long-term collective assistance for the bereaved following a disaster: A Scandinavian approach

Abstract

Objective: This paper describes an approach where disaster-bereaved families gather over three weekends to process and learn about grief together (a collective approach). Method: The article is based on experience related to several disasters in Norway and Finland, using a maritime disaster in which 16 persons lost their lives as a case example. Conclusions: This approach provides an opportunity to help numerous persons simultaneously. It facilitates support, communality and help within a group setting, provides access to self-help methods and allows screening of those in need of further help. Three weekend gatherings were held during the first year following loss of family members. Using plenary sessions, small groups and rituals during weekends, important themes within normal grief reactions over time were addressed.

Keywords:

• Disaster intervention
• long-term follow-up
• collective assistance
• bereaved
• rituals