‘Cooperate to win’: the influence of the Chilean student movement on the 2012 Budget Law

ABSTRACT

In 2011, one of the most important social movements since the end of the dictatorship proposed a change in higher education in Chile. More than two hundred thousand people participated in public demonstrations. Facing the failure of the negotiations with the government, the student movement focused on proposing changes to the 2012 Budget Law. What coalitions did the leaders of this student movement form to influence the Budget Law? The aim of this paper was to analyse the factors that explain coalition formation to impact the 2012 Budget Law. In doing so, an analysis has been carried out, focusing on the leaders of the student movement (CONFECH). This paper emphasizes their coalition with the rectors of public universities and their relationship with other educational actors and the opposition parties. The analysis includes the review of documents and national newspapers and interviews with the leaders of the CONFECH. The results of the analysis show that the traditional factors explaining coalition formation are useful but not sufficient to explain the student movement alliances. This paper argues that the factor that explains the student movement coalitions is the ‘strategic sense’ that the movement is focused on an outcome-based strategy. The leaders consider a coalition with the rectors of public universities as outcome-tactics. However, the relationship with opposition parties was much more difficult because of their distrust resulting from what happened in 2006. This study thus has significant implications for the coalition formation theories and its relationship with social movements’ impact.

KEYWORDS:

• Coalition formation
• chilean student movement
• social movement outcomes and strategic sense

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) /  Scholarship Program / DOCTORADO BECAS CHILE/2017 - 72170160.

Notes on contributors

Camila Carvallo

Camila Carvallo is a PhD candidate at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve. She received her Master in Political Science from the University Diego Portales of Chile and in Psychology from the Pontificia Universidad Católica of Chile. She studies Youth, Citizenship and Political Participation in the Southern Cone.