1,583
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Does Europe Have Cosmopolitan Borders?

Pages 327-339 | Published online: 01 Oct 2007
 

Abstract

Current thinking on Europe's borders is characterised by a tension between, on the one hand, the idea of ‘network Europe’, in which the importance of internal borders is much reduced as a result of the flows and mobilities characteristic of the single market and the ‘four freedoms’, and, on the other, the idea that Europe is being ‘rebordered’ as the result of security concerns over the threat of terrorism, illegal immigration, trafficking in drugs and people, and so forth. As a result there is a tension between the idea of Europe as a space of networked mobility and a ‘fortress Europe’ of securitized threats. It is argued that cosmopolitanism can offer another perspective on Europe's borders that takes us beyond debates on networks and territorial security. A cosmopolitanism perspective focuses on the importance of borders and border crossings in our daily lives and argues that borders and mobilities are not antithetical: borders also facilitate connectedness and mobility, albeit in a selective way. What is a border to some is a gateway to others. The paper will focus on the multiplicity of borders in contemporary Europe: the dispersal of borders throughout society alluded to by Balibar; the idea of ‘borderlands’ as new spaces of EU governance; and the mobility of borders themselves. The paper will also deal centrally with the question of ‘who borders?’, arguing that in contemporary Europe (and elsewhere) bordering is no longer the preserve of nation-states: societies, citizens, advocacy groups, and supra-national institutions are also implicated in processes of bordering and rebordering.

La opinión sobre las fronteras de Europa se caracteriza por un lado, por una tensión entre la idea de una ‘red europea’ en la cual la importancia de sus fronteras internas está muy reducida como resultado de las corrientes y características móviles de un mercado unitario y las ‘cuatro libertadades’, y por el otro, la idea de que Europa se ha ‘vuelto a delimitar’ como resultado de las preocupaciones de seguridad ante la amenaza del terrorismo, inmigración ilegal, tráfico de drogas y de personas, etc. Como resultado, hay tensión entre la idea de Europa como un espacio de red móvil y una ‘fortaleza europea’ de amenazas a la seguridad. Se plantea que el cosmopolitanismo puede ofrecer otra perspectiva a las fronteras europeas, lo que nos lleva más allá de los debates en red y de la seguridad territorial. Una perspectiva cosmopolita se enfoca en la importancia de las fronteras y el tránsito entre ellas en nuestras vidas cotidianas y sostiene que las fronteras y las movilidades entre ellas no son opuestas: las fronteras también facilitan conexiones y movilidad, aunque sucedan de una manera selectiva. Lo que es una frontera para algunos, es una entrada para otros. El artículo se enfocará sobre la multiplicidad de fronteras en Europa contemporánea: la dispersión de fronteras a través de la sociedad se refiere a Balibar; la idea de ‘zona fronteriza’ como nuevos espacios de autoridad de la Unión Europea; la movilidad intrínseca de las fronteras. El documento también se concentrará en la cuestión de ‘¿quién limita?’ sosteniendo que en Europa contemporánea (y cualquier otro lugar) el hecho de trazar las fronteras, ya no establece el dominio de las naciones-estados: las sociedades, los ciudadanos, los grupos defensores y las instituciones supranacionales también están implicados en los procesos de delimitar y volver a delimitar.

Notes

2 Gurkan Zengin (CNN Turk), quoted in ESI's Kayseri Report in the press, 4 April, http://www.esiweb.org/index.php?lang = de&id = 224.

3 ‘Chirac blasts EU candidates’, BBC News 18 February 2003, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/2774139.stm.

4 ‘Outrage at “old Europe” remarks’, BBC News, 23 January 2003, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2687403.stm.

5 The European Neighbourhood Policy covers Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and the Palestinian Authority.

6 ‘Does dispersal mean order?’, BBC News, 15 July 2005, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4683123.stm.

7 Congestion charging applies to cars entering the central zone between 7.00am and 6.30pm, Monday to Friday. The cost is £8 per day. See https://www.cclondon.com/.

8 See for example, No Borders @ Harmondsworth Detention Centre, Sat 8 April, http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2006/03/335158.html and the website of the No Border network, http://www.noborder.org.

9 ‘“Pie zone” battle goes to Europe’, BBC News, 14 March 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/leicestershire/4806322.stm.

11 ‘Spain offers boats to Mauritania’, BBC News, 15 March 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4809814.stm.

12 ‘Police say violence ban working’, BBC News, 22 December 2005, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_west/4552956.stm.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access

  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 53.00 Add to cart

Issue Purchase

  • 30 days online access to complete issue
  • Article PDFs can be downloaded
  • Article PDFs can be printed
USD 268.00 Add to cart

* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.