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Globalizations and the Transformation of Environmental Activism: Turkey since the 1980s

Pages 433-447 | Published online: 21 Aug 2008
 

Abstract

Social scientists have developed two main arguments regarding the impacts of globalization on environmental activism and politics. Environmental activism is thought to be associated with instances of local resistance to transnational corporations, and also with a diffusion of environmentalist ideas, practices, and regulations from global core to periphery. Alternatively, this paper argues that by eroding states' sovereignty and supporting ethnic and religious minority groups within and across nations, globalization processes have fused environmental politics with ethnic and religious identity politics worldwide. The environmentalist discourses and activities of Islamist intellectuals and Alevis (a large religious minority) in Turkey since the 1980s illustrate the limited applicability of center–periphery models of globalization, and the complexity of globalizations' impacts on environmental activism and politics.

A Chinese version of this article's abstract is available online at: www.informaworld.com/rglo

Los científicos sociales han desarrollado dos argumentos principales relacionados a los impactos de la globalización en el activismo y la política del medio ambiente. Se cree que el activismo medioambiental está asociado con ejemplos de resistencia local a corporaciones trasnacionales y también a la difusión de ideas, prácticas y normas ecologistas del núcleo global a la periferia. Por otro lado, este documento sostiene que con el deterioro de la soberanía de los estados y el apoyo a los grupos minoritarios étnicos dentro y a lo ancho de las naciones, los procesos de globalización han mezclado las políticas medioambientales con las políticas de identidad étnica y religiosa a nivel mundial. Los planteamientos medioambientalistas y las actividades de los intelectuales islamistas y de los Alevíes (un gran grupo religioso minoritario) en Turquía ilustran desde 1980 la aplicabilidad limitada de los modelos de globalización centro-periféricos, y la complejidad de los impactos de la globalización en el activismo y la política medioambiental.

Acknowledgments

My warmest thanks go to Mehmet Ali Aksoy, Caner Doğan, Barbara Pusch, and Murat Arsel for their help with the research project of which this paper is a part. Thanks too to Jan Oosthoek and the anonymous reviewers at Globalizations. All the usual caveats apply.

Notes

A Chinese version of this article's abstract is available online at: www.informaworld.com/rglo

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